Implementation of Solutions Reducing the Number of Cars in Polish Housing Estates—Based on the Experience of the Vauban Estate in Freiburg, Case of the City of Wroclaw
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. The Growing Number of Cars in European Cities
2.2. Parking Issues in Residential Areas
2.3. The Car-Free Housing Concept
2.4. Reducing Car Traffic, Health, Spatial and Social Context
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
4.1. Vauban Estate—Background, Spatial Structure, Mobility Recommendations
- The spatial structure of the estate. The spatial structure of the development is a cohesive unit. The multi-family buildings are surrounded by green spaces and walking paths, and services are located within a short walk. Several important elements, such as housing, services, and green spaces, should be discussed in detail.
- Housing structure. The Vauban Estate is populated by people of different backgrounds, ages, and needs. One of the designers’ aims was to create a mixed housing estate, including apartment blocks, student accommodation, and housing for the elderly. The profile of the population has not changed significantly since the estate was built. Many of the houses are shared. Residents buy a share in the cooperative and together manage the building and the communal area. The Vauban idea is to combine different people, places and functions: for example, in one neighbourhood you will find condominiums, social housing, offices and housing for the elderly.
- Commercial and public services. The service system is very extensive. It includes: grocery shops, drugstores, libraries, cafés, restaurants, and small services (e.g., hairdressers, beauty salons). These are mostly located on the main street along the tram line. An important area is the market square, where a local produce market is held every Wednesday. On the other hand, educational services include one school and five kindergartens.
- Green structure. There are many green areas within the estate. The areas between the buildings in the central part of the estate were designed by various landscape architects. An impressive stand of trees, some of which are existing and some of which were added, provides both protection from the sun and encourages the presence of various species of birds on the estate.
4.2. Transport System of the Vauban Estate (Pedestrian, Cycle, Public Transport)
4.3. Creating a Model for a Reduced-Car Estate Based on the Experience of the Vauban Estate
4.4. Confrontation of the Model of a Reduced-Car Estate with the Spatial Structure of a Polish City
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- Convenient location option—Condition—Three distance criteria met
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- Medium location option—Condition—Any two distance conditions met
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- Unsatisfactory location option—Condition—meets one location condition
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | The Indicator * | The Value |
---|---|---|
1 | Total area | 41 |
2 | Residential area | 16.4 |
3 | Industrial area | 1.6 |
4 | Public green spaces | 12.4 |
5 | Population | 5500 |
6 | Population density | 124.9 |
7 | Motorisation ratio | 200 |
8 | Parking indicator | 0.4 |
9 | Development intensity | 0.79 |
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Szumilas, A. Implementation of Solutions Reducing the Number of Cars in Polish Housing Estates—Based on the Experience of the Vauban Estate in Freiburg, Case of the City of Wroclaw. Buildings 2024, 14, 712. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030712
Szumilas A. Implementation of Solutions Reducing the Number of Cars in Polish Housing Estates—Based on the Experience of the Vauban Estate in Freiburg, Case of the City of Wroclaw. Buildings. 2024; 14(3):712. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030712
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzumilas, Agnieszka. 2024. "Implementation of Solutions Reducing the Number of Cars in Polish Housing Estates—Based on the Experience of the Vauban Estate in Freiburg, Case of the City of Wroclaw" Buildings 14, no. 3: 712. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030712