Experimental Study on Key Techniques for the Construction of High Asphalt Concrete Core Rockfill Dam under Unfavorable Geological Conditions

Asphalt concrete core dams (ACCDs) have been widely constructed in Xinjiang, yet the design of materials and structures has mainly relied on empirical knowledge without substantial theoretical grounding. In this study, we carried out a large-scale relative density test of gravel material in Bamudun dam, studied the compaction characteristics of gravel material, and determined the relative density characteristic index, in order to provide a basis for the subsequent dam material rolling test and construction quality inspection. Furthermore, in order to improve the efficiency of dam construction in narrow valleys, we optimized the connection type between asphalt concrete core wall and bedrock, and proposed a rapid construction method of paving core wall after pouring mass concrete base on bedrock. Finally, we established a three-dimensional finite element model to systematically analyze the stress and deformation patterns of the dam body, core wall, and base of the ACCD at Bamudun. The results show that the maximum compressive stress suffered by the core wall during the full storage period is 1.62 MPa, there is no tensile stress, and the risk of hydraulic splitting is small. The stress and deformation levels of each part are within the safe range. This verifies the rationality of the rapid construction method. The research findings can provide a great theoretical significance and engineering value for the safe design and construction of ACCDs.