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Volume 12
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10.3390/pathogens12020175
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Article

Epidemiology and Integrative Taxonomy of Helminths of Invasive Wild Boars, Brazil

by
Patricia Parreira Perin
,
Ivan Moura Lapera
,
Carmen Andrea Arias-Pacheco
,
Talita Oliveira Mendonça
,
Wilson Junior Oliveira
,
Andressa de Souza Pollo
,
Carolina dos Santos Silva
,
José Hairton Tebaldi
,
Bruna da Silva
and
Estevam Guilherme Lux-Hoppe
*
Parasitic Diseases Laboratory (LabEPar), Departament of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health (DPRSU), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Studies (FCAV), São Paulo State University—UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2023, 12(2), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020175
Submission received: 6 January 2023 / Revised: 19 January 2023 / Accepted: 20 January 2023 / Published: 23 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helminth Infection and Molecular Identification in Wild and Domestic Animals)
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Abstract

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are a significant invasive species in Brazil. We evaluated the helminth diversity of 96 wild boars in São Paulo state. Helminth infection descriptors were calculated, the species were identified and their 18S, 28S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were amplified for phylogenetic analyses. Ascarops strongylina, Strongyloides ransomi, Globocephalus urosubulatus, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Trichuris suis, Metastrongylus salmi, Metastrongylus pudendotecus, Ascaris suum and Stephanurus dentatus and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus were identified. Globocephalus urosubulatus had the highest prevalence and mean abundance, and most animals had mixed infections with three parasite species. There was no association between parasite intensity and prevalence and host sex and body condition index (p > 0.05). Novel DNA sequences were obtained from G. urosubulatus, A. strongylina, and S. dentatus. This is the first study on the helmint diversity of non-captive wild boars in Brazil, and the first report of the occurrence of M. hirudinaceus, G. urosubulatus and S. dentatus in Brazilian wild boars. Non-captive wild boars of São Paulo State did not act as capture hosts for native helminth species but maintained their typical parasites, common to domestic pigs. They may act as parasite dispersers for low-tech subsistence pig farming and for native Tayassuidae.
Keywords: Acantocephala; Nematoda; wild boar; invasive species; suidae; parasitic diversity Acantocephala; Nematoda; wild boar; invasive species; suidae; parasitic diversity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Perin, P.P.; Lapera, I.M.; Arias-Pacheco, C.A.; Mendonça, T.O.; Oliveira, W.J.; de Souza Pollo, A.; dos Santos Silva, C.; Tebaldi, J.H.; da Silva, B.; Lux-Hoppe, E.G. Epidemiology and Integrative Taxonomy of Helminths of Invasive Wild Boars, Brazil. Pathogens 2023, 12, 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020175

AMA Style

Perin PP, Lapera IM, Arias-Pacheco CA, Mendonça TO, Oliveira WJ, de Souza Pollo A, dos Santos Silva C, Tebaldi JH, da Silva B, Lux-Hoppe EG. Epidemiology and Integrative Taxonomy of Helminths of Invasive Wild Boars, Brazil. Pathogens. 2023; 12(2):175. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020175

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perin, Patricia Parreira, Ivan Moura Lapera, Carmen Andrea Arias-Pacheco, Talita Oliveira Mendonça, Wilson Junior Oliveira, Andressa de Souza Pollo, Carolina dos Santos Silva, José Hairton Tebaldi, Bruna da Silva, and Estevam Guilherme Lux-Hoppe. 2023. "Epidemiology and Integrative Taxonomy of Helminths of Invasive Wild Boars, Brazil" Pathogens 12, no. 2: 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020175

APA Style

Perin, P. P., Lapera, I. M., Arias-Pacheco, C. A., Mendonça, T. O., Oliveira, W. J., de Souza Pollo, A., dos Santos Silva, C., Tebaldi, J. H., da Silva, B., & Lux-Hoppe, E. G. (2023). Epidemiology and Integrative Taxonomy of Helminths of Invasive Wild Boars, Brazil. Pathogens, 12(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020175

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