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Microorganisms
Volume 10
Issue 11
10.3390/microorganisms10112291
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Review

From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia

by
Shreya R. Raman
1,†,
Christopher Liu
1,†,
Kelly M. Herremans
2,
Andrea N. Riner
2,
Vignesh Vudatha
1,
Devon C. Freudenberger
1,
Kelley L. McKinley
3,
Eric W. Triplett
3 and
Jose G. Trevino
1,4,*
1
Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, Canada
2
Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
3
Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
4
Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(11), 2291; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112291
Submission received: 4 October 2022 / Revised: 25 October 2022 / Accepted: 15 November 2022 / Published: 18 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tumor-Related Host-Microbiota Interactions)
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Abstract

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial wasting syndrome associated with skeletal muscle and adipose tissue loss, as well as decreased appetite. It affects approximately half of all cancer patients and leads to a decrease in treatment efficacy, quality of life, and survival. The human microbiota has been implicated in the onset and propagation of cancer cachexia. Dysbiosis, or the imbalance of the microbial communities, may lead to chronic systemic inflammation and contribute to the clinical phenotype of cachexia. Though the relationship between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and cachexia has been previously studied, the oral microbiome remains largely unexplored. As the initial point of digestion, the oral microbiome plays an important role in regulating systemic health. Oral dysbiosis leads to the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an imbalance in natural flora, which in turn may contribute to muscle wasting associated with cachexia. Reinstating this equilibrium with the use of prebiotics and probiotics has the potential to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from cancer-related cachexia.
Keywords: oral microbiota; inflammation; cytokines; microbiome; malignancy oral microbiota; inflammation; cytokines; microbiome; malignancy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Raman, S.R.; Liu, C.; Herremans, K.M.; Riner, A.N.; Vudatha, V.; Freudenberger, D.C.; McKinley, K.L.; Triplett, E.W.; Trevino, J.G. From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112291

AMA Style

Raman SR, Liu C, Herremans KM, Riner AN, Vudatha V, Freudenberger DC, McKinley KL, Triplett EW, Trevino JG. From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(11):2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112291

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raman, Shreya R., Christopher Liu, Kelly M. Herremans, Andrea N. Riner, Vignesh Vudatha, Devon C. Freudenberger, Kelley L. McKinley, Eric W. Triplett, and Jose G. Trevino. 2022. "From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia" Microorganisms 10, no. 11: 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112291

APA Style

Raman, S. R., Liu, C., Herremans, K. M., Riner, A. N., Vudatha, V., Freudenberger, D. C., McKinley, K. L., Triplett, E. W., & Trevino, J. G. (2022). From Mouth to Muscle: Exploring the Potential Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Cancer-Related Cachexia. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112291

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