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Microorganisms
Volume 10
Issue 5
10.3390/microorganisms10051027
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Review

Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anaemia: A Neglected Association Outside the Tropics

by
Sara Caldrer
†,
Tamara Ursini
*,†,
Beatrice Santucci
,
Leonardo Motta
and
Andrea Angheben
Department of Infectious—Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(5), 1027; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051027
Submission received: 12 April 2022 / Revised: 6 May 2022 / Accepted: 11 May 2022 / Published: 13 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neglected Tropical Diseases outside the Tropics)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Anaemia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Among infectious agents responsible for anaemia, helminthic infections are often neglected, particularly in non-endemic countries. However, they should not be neglected in this setting, as international travel and migration are on the rise. In this narrative review, we aimed to describe soil-transmitted helminths as a cause of or contributing factor to anaemia, focusing on hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale), the whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), the roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), and the threadworm (Strongyloides stercoralis). A general review on the epidemiology, lifecycle, and clinical spectrum of anaemia is proposed, with a special focus on helminthic infections’ association with anaemia as well as the diagnostic approach, which are both particularly important in non-endemic settings.
Keywords: anaemia; soil-transmitted helminths; hookworms; whipworm; roundworm; threadworm; non-endemic countries anaemia; soil-transmitted helminths; hookworms; whipworm; roundworm; threadworm; non-endemic countries

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MDPI and ACS Style

Caldrer, S.; Ursini, T.; Santucci, B.; Motta, L.; Angheben, A. Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anaemia: A Neglected Association Outside the Tropics. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051027

AMA Style

Caldrer S, Ursini T, Santucci B, Motta L, Angheben A. Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anaemia: A Neglected Association Outside the Tropics. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(5):1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051027

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caldrer, Sara, Tamara Ursini, Beatrice Santucci, Leonardo Motta, and Andrea Angheben. 2022. "Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anaemia: A Neglected Association Outside the Tropics" Microorganisms 10, no. 5: 1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051027

APA Style

Caldrer, S., Ursini, T., Santucci, B., Motta, L., & Angheben, A. (2022). Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anaemia: A Neglected Association Outside the Tropics. Microorganisms, 10(5), 1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051027

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