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Volume 12
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10.3390/microorganisms12061042
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Article

Mycophagous Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Prefers to Feed on Entomopathogenic Fungi, except Metarhizium Generalists

by
Cuiyi Ou
,
Qichun Chen
,
Xiangyu Hu
,
Yuhao Zeng
,
Ke Zhang
,
Qiongbo Hu
* and
Qunfang Weng
*
National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1042; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061042
Submission received: 23 April 2024 / Revised: 15 May 2024 / Accepted: 16 May 2024 / Published: 22 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Microbe Interactions)
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Abstract

(1) Background: The mycophagous mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, was found to feed on entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) in our previous experiments, which seriously impacted the culture and preservation of fungal strains. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the biological characteristics of the occurrence and damage to EPF. (2) Methods: The mite’s growth and development and feeding preference were surveyed by comparative culture and observation; also, optical and electronic microscopies were employed. (3) Results: T. putrescentiae could survive normally after being fed on seven EPF species, including Purpureocillium lilacinum, Marquandii marquandii, Cordyceps fumosorosea, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium flavoviride, Lecanicillium dimorphum, and Metacordyceps chlamydosporia. The first four fungi were the mite’s favorites with their greater feeding amount and shorter developmental duration. Interestingly, the mite could also feed on Metarhizium anisopliae and Metarhizium robertsii, but this led to the mite’s death. After feeding on M. anisopliae and M. robertsii, the mites began to die after 24 h, and the mortality rate reached 100% by 72 h. Observation under optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the conidia of M. anisopliae and M. robertsii adhered to the mite’s surface, but there was no evidence of penetration or invasion. However, dissection observation indicated that the two Metarhizium species germinate and grow within the mite’s digestive tract, which implies that Metarhizium generalists with broad-spectrum hosts and the production of destruxins have acaricidal activity toward the mycophagous mites.
Keywords: Tyrophagus putrescentiae; feeding preference; entomopathogenic fungi; Metarhizium Tyrophagus putrescentiae; feeding preference; entomopathogenic fungi; Metarhizium

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ou, C.; Chen, Q.; Hu, X.; Zeng, Y.; Zhang, K.; Hu, Q.; Weng, Q. Mycophagous Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Prefers to Feed on Entomopathogenic Fungi, except Metarhizium Generalists. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061042

AMA Style

Ou C, Chen Q, Hu X, Zeng Y, Zhang K, Hu Q, Weng Q. Mycophagous Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Prefers to Feed on Entomopathogenic Fungi, except Metarhizium Generalists. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(6):1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061042

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ou, Cuiyi, Qichun Chen, Xiangyu Hu, Yuhao Zeng, Ke Zhang, Qiongbo Hu, and Qunfang Weng. 2024. "Mycophagous Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Prefers to Feed on Entomopathogenic Fungi, except Metarhizium Generalists" Microorganisms 12, no. 6: 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061042

APA Style

Ou, C., Chen, Q., Hu, X., Zeng, Y., Zhang, K., Hu, Q., & Weng, Q. (2024). Mycophagous Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Prefers to Feed on Entomopathogenic Fungi, except Metarhizium Generalists. Microorganisms, 12(6), 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061042

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