Ibuprofen Degradation and Associated Bacterial Communities in Hyporheic Zone Sediments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site and Sampling
2.2. Chemicals
2.3. Microcosm Setup
2.4. Chemical Analyses
2.5. Nucleic Acids Extraction, Quantification, and Reverse Transcription
2.6. Amplicon Sequencing
Processing of Amplicon Sequence Data
2.7. Primer Design and Quantification of Total and Taxon-Specific 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA Genes
2.8. Statistical Analyses
2.9. Enrichment and Isolation of Ibuprofen-Degrading Bacteria from Hyporheic Zone Sediments
Accession Numbers
3. Results
3.1. Transformation of Ibuprofen in Hyporheic Zone Sediments
3.2. Effect of Treatments on Bacterial Community Structure and Composition
3.2.1. Total Bacterial Abundance and Diversity
3.2.2. General Phylum-Level Taxonomic Composition
3.2.3. Family-Level Taxonomic Composition
3.2.4. OTU-Level Taxa Associated with Ibuprofen Degradation
3.3. Quantification of Representative Ibuprofen-Enriched OTUs
3.4. Ibuprofen-Degrading Strains CN1 and MAH1
4. Discussion
4.1. Biodegradation of Ibuprofen in the Hyporheic Zone Sediments
4.2. Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity
4.2.1. Generalized Ecological Niches of Ibuprofen-Responsive Phyla
4.2.2. Putative Taxa Associated with Degradation of Ibuprofen in Oxic Hyporheic Zone Sediments
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rutere, C.; Knoop, K.; Posselt, M.; Ho, A.; Horn, M.A. Ibuprofen Degradation and Associated Bacterial Communities in Hyporheic Zone Sediments. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081245
Rutere C, Knoop K, Posselt M, Ho A, Horn MA. Ibuprofen Degradation and Associated Bacterial Communities in Hyporheic Zone Sediments. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(8):1245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081245
Chicago/Turabian StyleRutere, Cyrus, Kirsten Knoop, Malte Posselt, Adrian Ho, and Marcus A. Horn. 2020. "Ibuprofen Degradation and Associated Bacterial Communities in Hyporheic Zone Sediments" Microorganisms 8, no. 8: 1245. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081245