SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudoviruses: A Useful Tool to Study Virus Entry and Address Emerging Neutralization Escape Phenotypes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Pseudoviruses
2.2. Serum and Monoclonal Antibodies
2.3. Pseudovirus-Based Neutralization Assay
3. Results
3.1. Dose Dependence of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Pseudovirus Variants
3.2. Suitability of PBNA for Evaluation of Neutralization Antibodies and Reproducibility of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Pseudovirus Assay
3.3. SARS-CoV-2 Challenged NHP Serum Samples Show Neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 614D and B.1.1.7 UK Variants
3.4. Linearity of Neutralization Index (PBNI50) Generated by the Pseudovirus Assay
3.5. Comparison of Different Positive Controls in PBNA to Evaluate Neutralization against Variants of Concern
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control | 614D Variant | B.1.351 SA Variant | B.1.1.7 UK Variant |
---|---|---|---|
NIBSC 20/130 | 4270 3541 1664 | 160 <800 <160 | 667.1 800 922 |
Acro-SAD-S35 | 11,511 10,502 11,164 9881 | <160 <800 <160 | 11,192 8535 17,450 |
Sino-40591-MM43 | 13,973 15,706 14,182 | 13,828 8182 12,243 | 9755 16,994 |
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Kalkeri, R.; Cai, Z.; Lin, S.; Farmer, J.; Kuzmichev, Y.V.; Koide, F. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudoviruses: A Useful Tool to Study Virus Entry and Address Emerging Neutralization Escape Phenotypes. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081744
Kalkeri R, Cai Z, Lin S, Farmer J, Kuzmichev YV, Koide F. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudoviruses: A Useful Tool to Study Virus Entry and Address Emerging Neutralization Escape Phenotypes. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(8):1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081744
Chicago/Turabian StyleKalkeri, Raj, Zhaohui Cai, Shuling Lin, John Farmer, Yury V. Kuzmichev, and Fusataka Koide. 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudoviruses: A Useful Tool to Study Virus Entry and Address Emerging Neutralization Escape Phenotypes" Microorganisms 9, no. 8: 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081744