Identification of the Key Genes Associated with Different Hair Types in the Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat
by
,
Gao Gong
1,†
,
Yixing Fan
2,†,
Wenze Li
1,
Xiaochun Yan
1,
Xiaomin Yan
1,
Ludan Zhang
1,
Na Wang
3,
Oljibilig Chen
3,
Yanjun Zhang
1,
Ruijun Wang
1,
Zhihong Liu
1,
Wei Jiang
1,
Jinquan Li
1,4,5,6,
Zhiying Wang
1,4,5,6,
Qi Lv
1,4,5,6,* and
Rui Su
1,4,5,6,* 1
College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
2
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
3
Inner Mongolia Yiwei White Cashmere Goat Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010018, China
4
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
5
Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China
6
Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Animals 2022, 12(11), 1456; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111456
Submission received: 26 April 2022
/
Revised: 1 June 2022
/
Accepted: 2 June 2022
/
Published: 4 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Genetics and Genomics)
Simple Summary
The Inner Mongolia cashmere goat is an excellent local breed in China. According to the characteristics of wool quilts, the Inner Mongolia cashmere goat can be divided into three types: a long-hair type (hair length of >22 cm), a short-hair type (hair length of ≤13 cm), and an intermediate type (hair length of >13 cm and ≤22 cm). In order to explore the molecular mechanisms and related regulatory genes of the different hair types, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out on the gene expression and phenotypic data of 12-month-old Inner Mongolia cashmere goats of the long-hair (LHG) and a short-hair type (SHG). There is a strong correlation between one module and different hair types. The expression trends of this module’s genes were different between the LHG and SHG. The function of GO is mainly concentrated in cellular components, including intermediate filaments, intermediate filament cytoskeletons, and cytoskeletons. KRT39, KRT74, LOC100861184, LOC102177231, LOC102178767, LOC102179881, LOC106503203, LOC108638293, and LOC108638298 were significantly different between the two hair types, and most of them were positively correlated with hair length. It is speculated that these candidate genes can regulate different hair types of cashmere goats and provide molecular markers for the hair growth of cashmere goats.
Abstract
The Inner Mongolia cashmere goat is an excellent local breed in China. According to the characteristics of wool quilts, the Inner Mongolia cashmere goat can be divided into three types: a long-hair type (hair length of >22 cm), a short-hair type (hair length of ≤13 cm), and an intermediate type (hair length of >13 cm and ≤22 cm). It is found that hair length has a certain reference value for the indirect selection of other important economic traits of cashmere. In order to explore the molecular mechanisms and related regulatory genes of the different hair types, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out on the gene expression data and phenotypic data of 12-month-old Inner Mongolia cashmere goats with a long-hair type (LHG) and a short-hair type (SHG) to explore the coexpression modules related to different coat types and nine candidate genes, and detect the relative expression of key candidate genes. The results showed that the WGCNA divided these genes into 19 coexpression modules and found that there was a strong correlation between one module and different hair types. The expression trends of this module’s genes were different in the two hair types, with high expression in the LHG and low expression in the SHG. GO functions are mainly concentrated in cellular components, including intermediate filaments (GO:0005882), intermediate filament cytoskeletons (GO:0045111), and cytoskeletal parts (GO:0044430). The KEGG pathway is mainly enriched in arginine as well as proline metabolism (chx00330) and the MAPK signaling pathway (chx04010). The candidate genes of the different hair types, including the KRT39, KRT74, LOC100861184, LOC102177231, LOC102178767, LOC102179881, LOC106503203, LOC108638293, and LOC108638298 genes, were screened. Through qRT-PCR, it was found that there were significant differences in these candidate genes between the two hair types, and most of them had a significant positive correlation with hair length. It was preliminarily inferred that these candidate genes could regulate the different hair types of cashmere goats and provide molecular markers for hair growth.
Keywords:
different hair types; Inner Mongolia cashmere goats; hair growth; WGCNA; KRT
