An In-Depth Look at Fonni’s Dog Behavior under Different Outdoor Conditions
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Observed Behavior | Description |
---|---|
Body expressions | |
Scratching/Sniffing/Shivering/Shaking | The dog scratched itself/The dog sniffed the ground or straight ahead/The dog trembled/The dog shook |
Low postures | The dog’s tail was lowered, its ears faced backwards, or its legs were bent; at least two of these postures were exhibited |
Mouth expressions | |
Mouth shut | The dog shuts its mouth |
Yawning/Panting/Licking | The dog yawned/The dog panted/The dog licked its mouth |
Lips curling | The dog’s mouth opens, the teeth are visible, and the cheek muscles look firm |
Teeth showing | The dog showed front and back teeth, and the look is obviously aggressive |
Tail language | |
The dog’s tail is between the legs | |
The dog’s tail is up almost vertically | |
The tail is not wagging | |
The tail is wagging widely and quickly | |
Ear appearances | |
The dog’s ears are turned forward | |
The dog’s ears are slightly turned back | |
The dog’s ears are turned back | |
Vocalizations | |
The dog whined | |
The dog barked | |
The dog growled | |
Contact | |
Gaze at owner | The dog gazed with its head oriented toward its owner |
Gaze at researcher | The dog gazed with its head oriented toward researcher |
Contact with researcher | The dog intentionally touched researcher |
Sniff the researcher | The dog sniffed the researcher |
Move to researcher | The dog moved toward researcher |
Excretions | |
Urination | The dog intentionally marks with urine |
Defecation | The dog intentionally marks with feces |
Observed Behavior | Free Group | Box Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Body expressions | |||
Scratching/Sniffing/Shivering/Shaking | n = 0; 0% | n = 2; 2.86% | 0.49 |
Mouth expressions | |||
Mouth shut | n = 4; 5.71% | n = 3; 4.28% | 1.00 |
Yawning/Panting/Licking | n = 22; 31.43% | n = 20; 28.57% | 0.80 |
Tail language | |||
Tail between the legs | n = 7; 10% | n = 9; 12.86% | 0.77 |
Tail wagging widely and quickly | n = 19; 27.14% | n = 25; 35.71% | 0.43 |
Ear appearances | |||
Ears turned forward | n = 20; 28.57% | n = 22; 31.42% | 0.80 |
Ears slightly turned back | n = 24; 34.28% | n = 26; 37.14% | 0.79 |
Vocalizations | |||
Whining dog | n = 14; 20% | n = 15; 21.42% | 1.00 |
Excretions | |||
Marked with feces | n = 24; 35.71% | n = 15; 21.42% | 0.03 |
Contact | |||
Gaze at owner | n = 15; 21.43% | n = 21; 30% | 0.23 |
Gaze at researcher | n = 35; 50.00% | n = 29; 41.43% | 0.03 |
Sniffing at researcher | n = 29; 41.43% | n = 19; 27.14% | 0.02 |
Contact with researcher | n = 2; 2.86% | n = 5; 7.14% | 0.43 |
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Cocco, R.; Sechi, S.; Giannetto, C.; Rizzo, M.; Piccione, G.; Arfuso, F. An In-Depth Look at Fonni’s Dog Behavior under Different Outdoor Conditions. Animals 2024, 14, 678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050678
Cocco R, Sechi S, Giannetto C, Rizzo M, Piccione G, Arfuso F. An In-Depth Look at Fonni’s Dog Behavior under Different Outdoor Conditions. Animals. 2024; 14(5):678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050678
Chicago/Turabian StyleCocco, Raffaella, Sara Sechi, Claudia Giannetto, Maria Rizzo, Giuseppe Piccione, and Francesca Arfuso. 2024. "An In-Depth Look at Fonni’s Dog Behavior under Different Outdoor Conditions" Animals 14, no. 5: 678. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050678