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Medical Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 1

2021 March - 19 articles

Cover Story: The ischemic injury caused by myocardial infarction activates a complex healing process wherein a powerful inflammatory response and a reparative phase follow and balance each other. An intricate network of mediators finely orchestrate a large variety of cellular subtypes throughout molecular signaling pathways that determine the intensity and duration of each phase. At the end of this process, the necrotic tissue is replaced with a fibrotic scar whose quality strictly depends on the delicate balance resulting from the interaction between multiple actors involved in fibrogenesis. An inflammatory or reparative dysregulation, both in term of excess and deficiency, may cause ventricular dysfunction and life-threatening arrhythmias that heavily affect clinical outcome. This review discusses cellular process and molecular signaling pathways that determine fibrosis and the imaging technique that can characterize the clinical impact of this process in-vivo.
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  • Articles (19)

    • Article
    • Open Access
    15 Citations
    4,965 Views
    9 Pages

    23 March 2021

    National and international health guidelines have recommended measurements of blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose as the first step in detecting hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia, respectively. These chronic condi...

    • Article
    • Open Access
    7 Citations
    4,153 Views
    10 Pages

    Measuring Awareness of Infection Control Guidelines for Patients with COVID-19 in Radiology Departments in Saudi Arabia

    • M. Almatari,
    • Ali Alghamdi,
    • Sultan Alamri,
    • Mufeed Otaibey,
    • Ahmad Joman Alghamdi,
    • Azah Alasmari and
    • Magbool Alelyani

    16 March 2021

    Due to the contagious nature of the COVID-19 virus, healthcare workers are at a great risk of infection. Since medical imaging plays a significant part in the healthcare system and is often used in the diagnosis of potential COVID-19 patients, the ra...

    • Article
    • Open Access
    4 Citations
    4,535 Views
    19 Pages

    Effect of Yuzu (Citrus junos) Seed Limonoids and Spermine on Intestinal Microbiota and Hypothalamic Tissue in the Sandhoff Disease Mouse Model

    • Mayumi Minamisawa,
    • Takuma Suzumura,
    • Sudeep Bose,
    • Tetsuyuki Taniai,
    • Gota Kawai,
    • Kyoko Suzuki,
    • Akira Yamaguchi and
    • Shoji Yamanaka

    11 March 2021

    The effect of limonoids and spermine (Spm) extracted from yuzu (Citrus junos) seeds on the gut and the brain in a mouse model with Sandhoff disease (SD) was investigated. Wild-type and SD mice were fed a normal diet, or a diet supplemented with limon...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    40 Citations
    6,994 Views
    16 Pages

    Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction: An Overview on Cellular Processes, Molecular Pathways, Clinical Evaluation and Prognostic Value

    • Renato Francesco Maria Scalise,
    • Rosalba De Sarro,
    • Alessandro Caracciolo,
    • Rita Lauro,
    • Francesco Squadrito,
    • Scipione Carerj,
    • Alessandra Bitto,
    • Antonio Micari,
    • Gianluca Di Bella and
    • Natasha Irrera
    • + 1 author

    The ischemic injury caused by myocardial infarction activates a complex healing process wherein a powerful inflammatory response and a reparative phase follow and balance each other. An intricate network of mediators finely orchestrate a large variet...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    126 Citations
    11,253 Views
    13 Pages

    21 February 2021

    The use of antibiotics has been very beneficial to human health, animal wellbeing, and food production, however, there are no alternatives to antimicrobials in treating infectious diseases. Their use can contribute to the development of antimicrobial...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    25 Citations
    7,414 Views
    8 Pages

    Dental Care in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

    • Erfan Shamsoddin,
    • Lisa M. DeTora,
    • Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone and
    • Barbara E. Bierer

    19 February 2021

    Given the dynamic relationship between oral and general health, dental care must not be neglected even during a public health emergency. Nevertheless, the fear of contracting the infection appears to have caused instances of dental treatment avoidanc...

    • Article
    • Open Access
    39 Citations
    6,646 Views
    13 Pages

    Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice towards COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

    • Ali Hassan A. Alnasser,
    • Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq,
    • Mohammed Sheker H. Al-Kalif,
    • Rubayyi Faris B. Shahadah,
    • Khawlah Saad A. Almuqati,
    • Bashayer Sulaiman A. Al-Sulaiman,
    • Khulud Khalid S. Alharbi,
    • Fatimah Yousef M. Alabbad,
    • Jamilah Yousf M. Alabbad and
    • Ibrahim Khalil I. Almashama
    • + 1 author

    16 February 2021

    (1) Background: COVID-19 has become a worldwide public health problem. No previous study has investigated factors associated with COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) after completely lifting the curfew in all Saudi Arabia regions and cit...

    • Perspective
    • Open Access
    5 Citations
    3,531 Views
    10 Pages

    16 February 2021

    This short note presents previous research data supporting a pilot study of metronomic dapsone during the entire course of glioblastoma treatment. The reviewed data indicate that neutrophils are an integral part of human glioblastoma pathophysiology,...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    11 Citations
    5,748 Views
    10 Pages

    Emerging Utility of Applied Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury

    • Jeffrey Nadel,
    • Joseph Scott McNally,
    • Anthony DiGiorgio and
    • Ramesh Grandhi

    14 February 2021

    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread and expensive problem globally. The standard diagnostic workup for new TBI includes obtaining a noncontrast computed tomography image of the head, which provides quick information on operative pathologies....

    • Article
    • Open Access
    6 Citations
    3,886 Views
    26 Pages

    9 February 2021

    Studies of fluid secretion by the small intestine are dominated by the coupling with ATP-dependent generation of ion gradients, whereas the contribution of filtration secretion has been overlooked, possibly by the lack of a known mechanistic basis. W...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    49 Citations
    7,957 Views
    8 Pages

    Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Polyamines

    • Rika Hirano,
    • Hideto Shirasawa and
    • Shin Kurihara

    5 February 2021

    The purpose of this paper is to summarize the latest information on the various aspects of polyamines and their health benefits. In recent years, attempts to treat cancer by reducing elevated polyamines levels in cancer cells have been made, with som...

    • Feature Paper
    • Review
    • Open Access
    17 Citations
    5,265 Views
    15 Pages

    4 February 2021

    Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional brain imaging technique with high temporal resolution compared with techniques that rely on metabolic coupling. MEG has an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, especially in mild TBI, w...

    • Article
    • Open Access
    25 Citations
    5,504 Views
    12 Pages

    COVID-19 Management in a UK NHS Foundation Trust with a High Consequence Infectious Diseases Centre: A Retrospective Analysis

    • Kenneth F. Baker,
    • Aidan T. Hanrath,
    • Ina Schim van der Loeff,
    • Su Ann Tee,
    • Richard Capstick,
    • Gabriella Marchitelli,
    • Ang Li,
    • Andrew Barr,
    • Alsafi Eid and
    • Christopher J. A. Duncan
    • + 17 authors

    4 February 2021

    Recent large national and international cohorts describe the baseline characteristics and outcome of hospitalised patients with COVID-19, however there is limited granularity to these reports. We aimed to provide a detailed description of a UK COVID-...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    266 Citations
    30,939 Views
    9 Pages

    Epidemiology of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

    • Krishna C. Thandra,
    • Adam Barsouk,
    • Kalyan Saginala,
    • Sandeep Anand Padala,
    • Alexander Barsouk and
    • Prashanth Rawla

    30 January 2021

    Non-Hodgins’s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematological malignancy worldwide, accounting for nearly 3% of cancer diagnoses and deaths. NHL is the seventh most prevalent cancer and has the sixth highest mortality among cancers in the US. NHL acc...

    • Review
    • Open Access
    270 Citations
    24,790 Views
    14 Pages

    Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

    • Sandeep Anand Padala,
    • Adam Barsouk,
    • Alexander Barsouk,
    • Prashanth Rawla,
    • Anusha Vakiti,
    • Ravindra Kolhe,
    • Vamsi Kota and
    • Germame Hailegiorgis Ajebo

    20 January 2021

    Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the...

    • Article
    • Open Access
    4 Citations
    5,173 Views
    11 Pages

    Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge, Perception and Risk Prevention Practices Regarding COVID-19 in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

    • Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,
    • Vijay R. Raghavan,
    • Akbar Ahmadi,
    • Dipankar Srirag and
    • Vijay Kumar Chattu

    8 January 2021

    (1) Background: As of 13 December 2020, Afghanistan reported around 48,952 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 1960 deaths. Lack of knowledge and perceptions among healthcare workers (HCWs) can pose challenges to disease control. Therefore, targeted, timely...

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    Med. Sci. - ISSN 2076-3271