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Environments
Volume 11
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10.3390/environments11010023
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Article

Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains

by
Laura Canonica
1,
Grazia Cecchi
1,
Vittorio Capra
1,
Simone Di Piazza
1,
Alessandro Girelli
2,
Sandro Zappatore
3 and
Mirca Zotti
1,*
1
Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
2
I.A. Industria Ambiente S.r.l., Via E. De Amicis 6/10, 16122 Genova, Italy
3
Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genova, Via Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Environments 2024, 11(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023
Submission received: 29 December 2023 / Accepted: 19 January 2024 / Published: 22 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Advanced Water Purification II)
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Abstract

The paper deals with the possible use of fungi to decontaminate polluted waters. Specifically, the focus is the selection of the most promising fungal strain capable of bioaccumulating arsenic, which is a globally widespread environmental contaminant. To this aim, allochthonous fungal strains from the ColD UNIGE JRU MIRRI strains collection were selected. Their capability to survive and accumulate this kind of pollutant was evaluated and compared with that of an autochthonous fungi set directly isolated from the arsenic polluted water. A preliminary screening at various concentrations of arsenic (0, 200, 400, 800, 1600 μg L−1) revealed that the best performing strains were Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum among the autochthonous strains and Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum among the allochthonous strains. Moreover, all the strains were subjected to bioaccumulation tests at a 1600 μg L−1 concentration. Local and allochthonous fungal strains showed different behaviors: the allochthonous strains grew rapidly and in a sustained way but without expressing any bioaccumulation activity. On the contrary, the indigenous fungi, despite a moderate growth, showed a good bioaccumulation capacity (in particular, Aspergillus niger). The results highlight the importance of employing native strains isolated from contaminated matrices to make a mycoremediation protocol more efficient.
Keywords: fungi; mycoremediation; environmental contaminants fungi; mycoremediation; environmental contaminants

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MDPI and ACS Style

Canonica, L.; Cecchi, G.; Capra, V.; Di Piazza, S.; Girelli, A.; Zappatore, S.; Zotti, M. Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains. Environments 2024, 11, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023

AMA Style

Canonica L, Cecchi G, Capra V, Di Piazza S, Girelli A, Zappatore S, Zotti M. Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains. Environments. 2024; 11(1):23. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023

Chicago/Turabian Style

Canonica, Laura, Grazia Cecchi, Vittorio Capra, Simone Di Piazza, Alessandro Girelli, Sandro Zappatore, and Mirca Zotti. 2024. "Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains" Environments 11, no. 1: 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023

APA Style

Canonica, L., Cecchi, G., Capra, V., Di Piazza, S., Girelli, A., Zappatore, S., & Zotti, M. (2024). Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains. Environments, 11(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023

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