Distinctive Innovation Capabilities of Argentine Software Companies with High Innovation Results and Impacts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methods
- Results:
- Products: Introduction of new or significantly enhanced products, degree of novelty of products and changes in the central characteristics of the product.
- Processes: Introduction of new processes and significance of process improvements.
- Organization: Organizational innovations and types of organizational innovations carried out.
- Marketing: Marketing innovations and types of marketing innovations carried out.
- Impacts/performance:
- Performance measures: Sales share percentage of innovated products, impact of product innovations, impact of process innovations, impact of organizational innovations, impact of marketing innovations.
- Generation of intangibles: requested patents, obtained patents, licensed technology, free software licenses use, quality certification.
4. Results
5. Discussion
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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1 | Cohen and Levinthal (1990), in their seminal work, propose the concept of absorption capability, defined as the ability to exploit external knowledge, a critical component of innovative capabilities. |
2 | In the cited work, the proposal of an index of level of innovation (INI) was studied, which was applied in the context of an exploratory study of multiple cases (Yin 2009) to Argentinian SMEs companies from different sectors. From the data collected on that occasion, those referred to the subgroup of software companies were analyzed in depth in order to identify recurrent problems in obtaining them. |
3 | Only the first two eigenvalues are exposed since the others are equal to 0. |
4 | Only the first two eigenvalues are exposed since the others are equal to 0. |
Dimensions | Variables |
---|---|
CAPABILITIES |
|
RESULTS |
|
IMPACTS |
|
Variable | Subvariables | |
---|---|---|
Name | ID. Variable | |
Structure | V1_ Struct |
|
Software tools | V2_Tools |
|
Strategy | V3_Strat |
|
Communication | V4_Communic |
|
Leadership | V5_Leader |
|
Motivation | V6_Motiv |
|
Free software | V7_FreeSoft |
|
Innovation activities | V8_InnAct |
|
Internal determinants | V9_IntDet |
|
External determinants | V10_ExtDet |
|
(a) | ||||||||||
V1 | V2 | V3 | V4 | V5 | V6 | V7 | V8 | V9 | V10 | |
V1_Struct | 1.00 | |||||||||
V2_Tools | 0.98 | 1.00 | ||||||||
V3_Strat | 0.64 | 0.45 | 1.00 | |||||||
V4_Communic | −0.02 | −0.24 | 0.76 | 1.00 | ||||||
V5_Leader | 0.81 | 0.66 | 0.97 | 0.57 | 1.00 | |||||
V6_Motiv | 0.60 | 0.42 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 0.96 | 1.00 | ||||
V7_FreeSoft | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.57 | −0.10 | 0.76 | 0.54 | 1.00 | |||
V8_InnAct | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.18 | −0.50 | 0.43 | 0.14 | 0.91 | 1.00 | ||
V9_IntDet | 0.92 | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.36 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.62 | 1.00 | |
V10_ExtDet | −0.47 | −0.65 | 0.38 | 0.89 | 0.13 | 0.42 | −0.54 | −0.84 | −0.10 | 1.00 |
(b) | ||||||||||
V1 | V2 | V3 | V4 | V5 | V6 | V7 | V8 | V9 | V10 | |
V1_Struct | 1.00 | |||||||||
V2_Tools | 0.90 | 1.00 | ||||||||
V3_Strat | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.00 | |||||||
V4_Communic | 0.52 | 0.09 | 0.56 | 1.00 | ||||||
V5_Leader | 0.98 | 0.80 | 0.99 | 0.68 | 1.00 | |||||
V6_Motiv | 0.53 | 0.84 | 0.48 | −0.45 | 0.35 | 1.00 | ||||
V7_FreeSoft | 0.97 | 0.76 | 0.98 | 0.72 | 1.00 | 0.29 | 1.00 | |||
V8_InnAct | 0.99 | 0.84 | 1.00 | 0.61 | 1.00 | 0.43 | 0.99 | 1.00 | ||
V9_IntDet | 0.76 | 0.41 | 0.80 | 0.95 | 0.88 | −0.15 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 1.00 | |
V10_ExtDet | −0.75 | −0.39 | −0.78 | −0.95 | −0.87 | 0.17 | −0.90 | −0.82 | −1.00 | 1.00 |
(a) | |||
Lambda | Value | Proportion | Cum Prop |
1 | 6.38 | 0.64 | 0.64 |
2 | 3.62 | 0.36 | 1.00 |
(b) | |||
Lambda | Value | Proportion | Cum Prop |
1 | 7.67 | 0.77 | 0.77 |
2 | 2.33 | 0.23 | 1.00 |
(a) | ||
Variables | e1 | e2 |
V1_Struct | 0.38 | −0.13 |
V2_Tools | 0.35 | −0.23 |
V3_Strat | 0.32 | 0.31 |
V4_Communic | 0.09 | 0.51 |
V5_Leader | 0.37 | 0.20 |
V6_Motiv | 0.31 | 0.33 |
V7_FreeSoft | 0.38 | −0.17 |
V8_InnAct | 0.29 | −0.36 |
V9_IntDet | 0.39 | 0.08 |
V10_ExtDet | −0.10 | 0.51 |
(b) | ||
Variables | e1 | e2 |
V1_Struct | 0.35 | 0.15 |
V2_Tools | 0.28 | 0.41 |
V3_Strat | 0.36 | 0.12 |
V4_Communic | 0.25 | −0.47 |
V5_Leader | 0.36 | 0.02 |
V6_Motiv | 0.11 | 0.62 |
V7_FreeSoft | 0.36 | −0.02 |
V8_InnAct | 0.36 | 0.08 |
V9_IntDet | 0.32 | −0.30 |
V10_ExtDet | −0.32 | 0.31 |
(a) | ||
Variables | PC 1 | PC 2 |
V1_Struct | 0.97 | −0.24 |
V2_Tools | 0.89 | −0.45 |
V3_Strat | 0.80 | 0.59 |
V4_Communic | 0.22 | 0.98 |
V5_Leader | 0.93 | 0.37 |
V6_Motiv | 0.78 | 0.63 |
V7_FreeSoft | 0.95 | −0.32 |
V8_InnAct | 0.73 | −0.68 |
V9_IntDet | 0.99 | 0.15 |
V10_ExtDet | −0.24 | 0.97 |
(b) | ||
Variables | PC 1 | PC 2 |
V1_Struct | 0.97 | 0.23 |
V2_Tools | 0.78 | 0.63 |
V3_Strat | 0.98 | 0.18 |
V4_Communic | 0.70 | −0.71 |
V5_Leader | 1.00 | 0.04 |
V6_Motiv | 0.32 | 0.95 |
V7_FreeSoft | 1.00 | −0.03 |
V8_InnAct | 0.99 | 0.12 |
V9_IntDet | 0.89 | −0.45 |
V10_ExtDet | −0.88 | 0.47 |
(a) | |||||||||||||||
Result Degrees | V1_Struct | V2_Tools | V3_Strat | V4_Communic | V5_Leader | ||||||||||
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
High | 3.16 | 1.75 | 5.00 | 3.64 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 3.27 | 1.50 | 4.88 | 3.92 | 1.65 | 4.95 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Medium | 3.13 | 1.60 | 4.85 | 3.70 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 3.11 | 1.38 | 4.00 | 3.83 | 0.99 | 4.95 | 3.37 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Low | 2.85 | 1.45 | 4.70 | 3.17 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 3.10 | 1.50 | 4.50 | 3.89 | 1.32 | 4.95 | 3.23 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Result Degrees | V6_Motiv | V7_FreeSoft | V8_InnAct | V9_IntDet | V10_ExtDet | ||||||||||
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
High | 3.02 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 4.18 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 2.92 | 1.00 | 4.60 | 3.78 | 2.00 | 4.60 | 3.15 | 1.65 | 4.35 |
Medium | 2.73 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 4.17 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 3.09 | 1.40 | 4.60 | 3.65 | 2.80 | 4.40 | 2.96 | 1.65 | 4.00 |
Low | 2.73 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 3.86 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 2.65 | 1.00 | 4.20 | 3.50 | 1.80 | 4.40 | 3.16 | 2.00 | 4.35 |
(b) | |||||||||||||||
Impact Degrees | V1_Struct | V2_Tools | V3_Strat | V4_Communic | V5_Leader | ||||||||||
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
High | 3.25 | 1.60 | 4.85 | 3.76 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 3.60 | 2.38 | 4.63 | 4.25 | 2.64 | 4.95 | 3.60 | 2.00 | 5.00 |
Medium | 3.14 | 1.75 | 5.00 | 3.76 | 2.40 | 4.40 | 3.29 | 2.00 | 4.88 | 3.71 | 0.99 | 4.95 | 3.50 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Low | 2.99 | 1.45 | 4.85 | 3.30 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.95 | 1.38 | 4.50 | 3.93 | 1.32 | 4.95 | 3.43 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Impact Degrees | V6_Motiv | V7_FreeSoft | V8_InnAct | V9_IntDet | V10_ExtDet | ||||||||||
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
High | 2.87 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 4.27 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 3.37 | 1.40 | 4.40 | 3.92 | 3.40 | 4.60 | 3.05 | 1.65 | 4.35 |
Medium | 3.14 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 4.12 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 4.60 | 3.62 | 2.00 | 4.40 | 3.11 | 1.65 | 4.35 |
Low | 2.63 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 4.04 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 2.68 | 1.00 | 4.60 | 3.66 | 1.80 | 4.40 | 3.10 | 2.00 | 4.00 |
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Camio, M.I.; Romero, M.D.C.; Álvarez, M.B.; Rébori, A.J. Distinctive Innovation Capabilities of Argentine Software Companies with High Innovation Results and Impacts. Adm. Sci. 2018, 8, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci8020013
Camio MI, Romero MDC, Álvarez MB, Rébori AJ. Distinctive Innovation Capabilities of Argentine Software Companies with High Innovation Results and Impacts. Administrative Sciences. 2018; 8(2):13. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci8020013
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamio, María Isabel, María Del Carmen Romero, María Belén Álvarez, and Alfredo José Rébori. 2018. "Distinctive Innovation Capabilities of Argentine Software Companies with High Innovation Results and Impacts" Administrative Sciences 8, no. 2: 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci8020013