Modeling and Simulation of Collision-Causing Derailment to Design the Derailment Containment Provision Using a Simplified Vehicle Model
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
The paper illustrates a simplified frame model that can be used in the simulation of train derailments with limited computational impact. The model was validated by experimental tests, with a positive outcome. The topic is certainly of interest and current. The bibliography has been examined very carefully. The mathematical model is well represented. I suggest to accept the article.Author Response
Point 1: The paper illustrates a simplified frame model that can be used in the simulation of train derailments with limited computational impact. The model was validated by experimental tests, with a positive outcome. The topic is certainly of interest and current. The bibliography has been examined very carefully. The mathematical model is well represented. I suggest to accept the article.
Response 1: Thank you for your valuable review.
Author Response File: 
Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 2 Report
Suggestions to analyze articles presented below:1.Dmitry Pogotelov, Vladislav Yazykov, Nikolay Lysikov,
Train 3D: the technique for inclusion of three-dimensional models
in longitudinal train dynamics and its application in derailment studies
and train simulators. Vehicle System Dynamics, Volume 55, 2017 - Issue 4
2. Kovalev R., Yazykov V.N., Mikhalchenko G.S., Pogorelov D. Yu.: Railway Vehicle
Dynamics: Some Aspects of Wheel-Rail Contact Modelling and Optimization of Running
Gears, Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2003, v. 31, nr 3, p. 315- 335
line 169: there is ..... of elements.[20,21] should be: ... of elements [20,21].
Line 195: there is: on the track. [22] should be: on the track [22].
Line 206: there is: at first. [23] should be: at first [23].
line 247: there is: body acceleration. [24-26] should be body acceleration [24 - 26].
line 269: there is: structures. [3, 4] should be structures [3, 4].
line 272: there is: outside the rails. [5] should be outside the rails [5].
Figure 17: photo numbering is incorrect
line 282: there is: shown Table 6~8. [21, 27] should be shown Table 6~8 [21, 27].
Author Response
Point 1: Suggestions to analyze articles presented below:
1.Dmitry Pogotelov, Vladislav Yazykov, Nikolay Lysikov,
Train 3D: the technique for inclusion of three-dimensional models
in longitudinal train dynamics and its application in derailment studies
and train simulators. Vehicle System Dynamics, Volume 55, 2017 - Issue 4
2Kovalev R., Yazykov V.N., Mikhalchenko G.S., Pogorelov D. Yu.: Railway Vehicle
Dynamics: Some Aspects of Wheel-Rail Contact Modelling and Optimization of Running
Gears, Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2003, v. 31, nr 3, p. 315- 335
Response 1: Thank you for your valuable review.
-We read the paper suggested by you and have briefly mentioned this paper in the Section 1.
-We also added the suggested paper to the reference list.
Added sentence in Section 1 is as follows.
“Dmitry Pogorelov and Viasdislav considered a technique referred to as the ‘Train 3D method’ for simulation of trains as coupled derailed spatial and simplified one-dimensional models of rail vehicles to evaluate safety factors with dependence on the train operation regime [7]. R.Kovalev, V.N Yazykov presented nonstiff method for computing the nonelliptical contact problem that can apply to wheel rail contact problem[8].”
Point 2:
line 169: there is ..... of elements.[20,21] should be: ... of elements [20,21].
Line 195: there is: on the track. [22] should be: on the track [22].
Line 206: there is: at first. [23] should be: at first [23].
line 247: there is: body acceleration. [24-26] should be body acceleration [24 - 26].
line 269: there is: structures. [3, 4] should be structures [3, 4].
line 272: there is: outside the rails. [5] should be outside the rails [5].
Figure 17: photo numbering is incorrect
line 282: there is: shown Table 6~8. [21, 27] should be shown Table 6~8 [21, 27].
Response 2: Thank you for your valuable review.
- We have modified the reference number and put a period at the end of a sentence.
- We modified (b) to (c) in DCP Type 3 of Figure 17.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 3 Report
1. One or two paragraphs are needed to describe detailed real model: how contact interaction was assigned between parts of the model. It seems that model is not entire and is like an assemble of some details.
2. What material was assigned for each of the parts of the detailed real model?
3. What was the friction factor for "wheel-rail" couple while Ls-Dyna simulation?
Author Response
Point 1: One or two paragraphs are needed to describe detailed real model: how contact interaction was assigned between parts of the model. It seems that model is not entire and is like an assemble of some details.
Response 1: Thank you for your valuable review.
-We agree with your opinion. Accordingly, we have described derailed real model in Section 3,4.
Added paragraphs in Section 3(3.1) is as follows.
“The real frame model consists of four main components. Bolster, side frame, journal box, spring plate. To assemble these parts, CONSTRAINED_RIGED_BODIES and CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SURFACE keywords are used.”
Added paragraphs in Section 4(4.3) is as follows.
“The wagon model consists two main parts, bogie and body frame. To connect bogie and frame, three beam elements were used. One beam element for center pivot and two elements for side bearer.”
Point 2: What material was assigned for each of the parts of the detailed real model?
Response 2: Thank you for your valuable review.
- Linear material could be assigned but in this study rigid properties are assigned because the frame is not considered for damage. Therefore, we have mentioned material for real model in Section 3.
Added sentence in Section 3(3.1) is as follows.
“Since the model does not take into account the damage of the frame, rigid properties (Mat 20) have been assigned to main frames.”
Point 3: What was the friction factor for "wheel-rail" couple while Ls-Dyna simulation?
Response 3: Thank you for your valuable review.
-We have mentioned contact keyword and friction coefficient between wheel-rail in Section 2.
Added sentence in Section 2 is as follows.
“For simulation of wheel rail contact, friction coefficient between wheel and rail is applied as 0.3 and CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE keyword which is two way contact method is used to simulate flange and rail contact.”
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
