Digitalization, Technologies, New Approaches, and Telemedicine in Dentistry and Craniofacial/Temporomandibular Disorders

In recent years, the dental and craniofacial healthcare sectors have witnessed significant advancements driven by the integration of digitalization, new technologies, and telemedicine. These innovations have transformed diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, enhancing precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes. This editorial examines how these advancements are shaping dentistry and the management of craniofacial and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), drawing insights from recent scholarly articles.

Digital dentistry has transformed the field, providing greater precision, efficiency, and improved patient outcomes [1,2,3]. Contemporary dental clinics often employ cutting-edge technologies, such as computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), digital impressions, and 3D printing. CAD/CAM systems enable the precise fabrication of dental prostheses, ensuring better fitting and more aesthetically pleasing restorations compared to traditional methods [4]. Digital impressions taken with intraoral scanners have replaced the conventional and often uncomfortable impression materials, providing accurate data for prosthetic fabrication and reducing patient discomfort [5,6,7].

Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) is essential for improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning [8,9,10]. AI algorithms analyze large datasets, identify patterns, and make predictive assessments, facilitating early diagnosis and the creation of personalized treatment plans. For instance, AI can be used to detect caries, analyze radiographs, and predict the success of dental implants. The integration of AI with digital imaging tools such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital radiography enhances the precise diagnosis and treatment of complex dental conditions, including those affecting the craniofacial region [11,12,13,14].

Modern technological development has made a significant impact on the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to craniofacial disorders. Among the most optimistic ways is the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, or TENS, a level-diagnostic and effective method of treating functional mandibular lateral deviation. Research shows that TENS can help visualize neuromuscular system trends, providing insights into mandibular position and enabling more accurate diagnoses [15]. This neuromuscular approach is crucial in addressing functional disorders that traditional diagnostic tools may overlook.

Furthermore, the implementation of 3D imaging and modeling has enhanced the understanding and treatment of craniofacial abnormalities. These technologies allow medical professionals to observe the intricate structure of the craniofacial area, strategize surgeries with enhanced accuracy, and make more precise predictions about the results after an operation [16]. This precision is particularly beneficial in orthognathic surgeries and the management of congenital craniofacial anomalies, ensuring better functional and aesthetic results for patients.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are complex conditions that necessitate a multidisciplinary approach in order to achieve effective therapy [17]. Recent advancements have introduced novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities that enhance the understanding and treatment of TMDs. Digital occlusal analysis systems, for example, provide detailed insights into bite force distribution and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function, allowing for more targeted and effective treatments. Telemedicine has become a crucial instrument for treating temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic [18]. Teleconsultations enable patients to access specialized assistance and continuous therapy without the necessity of in-person appointments. This is particularly advantageous for individuals with limited mobility or those residing in isolated regions. Digital platforms enable the exchange of diagnostic data, such as digital scans and radiography, which enable clinicians to remotely evaluate and track patients’ ailments.

Telemedicine is revolutionizing the management of TMDs and expanding access to dental care overall [19,20]. By using telehealth platforms, dentists can conduct virtual consultations, provide real-time treatment recommendations, and monitor patients’ progress remotely. This approach is particularly advantageous for managing chronic conditions, post-operative care, and follow-up appointments. Additionally, telemedicine supports patient education and engagement by providing platforms for interactive communication. Patients can receive personalized oral hygiene instructions, dietary advice, and educational resources that empower them to take an active role in their oral health care [21].

The efficacy of elastodontic devices in managing TMDs has been a recent focus of research. A study by Ortu et al. compared the clinical efficacy of the Eptamed elastodontic device to a common bite sold in pharmacies, assessing surface electromyography (sEMG) and kinesiography activities of masticatory and postural muscles before and after six months of treatment [22]. The Eptamed device was found to significantly improve the electrical activity in the examined muscles, promoting greater relaxation and reducing the risk of worsening TMD symptoms compared to a standard bite, which showed a general worsening of muscle activity [22]. These findings indicate that elastodontic devices have the capacity to be an effective and minimally invasive therapy option for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) as they assist in maintaining a proper equilibrium of the nerves and muscles involved, hence improving outcomes for patients.

The integration of digitalization, cutting-edge technologies, and telemedicine in dentistry and the treatment of craniofacial/TMD diseases is introducing a new period characterized by accuracy, effectiveness, and patient-focused healthcare. These innovations not only enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes but also improve accessibility and convenience for patients. As these technologies evolve, their adoption is set to become more widespread, fundamentally transforming dental and craniofacial healthcare. The future of this field relies on the ongoing adoption of these cutting-edge innovations, ensuring patients receive the highest standard of care. Implementing these enhancements will lead to improved medical results, heightened patient contentment, and a more efficient healthcare system.