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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 3
10.3390/app15031576
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Application of Biotechnology for Sunflower Inbred Line Development: Immature Embryo Rescue

by
Emilian Onisan
1,*,
Cerasela Petolescu
1,
Alina Tenche-Constantinescu
1,
Irina Petrescu
1,
Marinel Nicolae Horablaga
2,3,
Alina Simina
1,
Gabriela Gorinoiu
3,
Dorin Camen
1,
Sorina Popescu
1,
Cristian Mate
1 and
Ioan Sarac
1
1
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Technologies, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I”, 119 Calea Aradului Street, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
3
Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin, 307250 Lovrin, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1576; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031576
Submission received: 30 December 2024 / Revised: 28 January 2025 / Accepted: 1 February 2025 / Published: 4 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Immature embryos rescued in sunflower breeding programs represent one of the important procedures for creating a competitive research program. The development of inbred lines in a short period offers a significant advantage, enabling faster adaptation of sunflower hybrids to farmers’ needs, including new herbicide technologies, such as existing sulfonylurea- and imidazoline-based treatments or the introgression of new disease-resistant genes. In our research, we initiated immature embryo rescue by harvesting at 168 h, 216 h, 264 h, and 312 h after fecundations. The media used were based on MS (Murashige and Skoog) and supplemented with different concentrations of BAP, NAA, and GA3. For the experiments, three types of genotypes were used: inbred lines, populations, and sunflower hybrids. Our results demonstrated a significant connection between harvest timing, the medium used, and the genotype. The highest survival rates were recorded as up to 81% for hybrids and 71% for inbred lines. For immature embryo rescue, they were obtained at 312 h on MS5—2.0:0.4:0.4 (BAP:NAA:GA3). The genotype, culture medium composition, and harvesting time are essential factors for optimizing the in vitro rescue technique of immature sunflower embryos. The survival rates of immature embryos were significantly influenced by the interaction of these factors.
Keywords: sunflower breeding; phytohormones; immature embryo rescue; in vitro sunflower breeding; phytohormones; immature embryo rescue; in vitro

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Onisan, E.; Petolescu, C.; Tenche-Constantinescu, A.; Petrescu, I.; Horablaga, M.N.; Simina, A.; Gorinoiu, G.; Camen, D.; Popescu, S.; Mate, C.; et al. Application of Biotechnology for Sunflower Inbred Line Development: Immature Embryo Rescue. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031576

AMA Style

Onisan E, Petolescu C, Tenche-Constantinescu A, Petrescu I, Horablaga MN, Simina A, Gorinoiu G, Camen D, Popescu S, Mate C, et al. Application of Biotechnology for Sunflower Inbred Line Development: Immature Embryo Rescue. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(3):1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031576

Chicago/Turabian Style

Onisan, Emilian, Cerasela Petolescu, Alina Tenche-Constantinescu, Irina Petrescu, Marinel Nicolae Horablaga, Alina Simina, Gabriela Gorinoiu, Dorin Camen, Sorina Popescu, Cristian Mate, and et al. 2025. "Application of Biotechnology for Sunflower Inbred Line Development: Immature Embryo Rescue" Applied Sciences 15, no. 3: 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031576

APA Style

Onisan, E., Petolescu, C., Tenche-Constantinescu, A., Petrescu, I., Horablaga, M. N., Simina, A., Gorinoiu, G., Camen, D., Popescu, S., Mate, C., & Sarac, I. (2025). Application of Biotechnology for Sunflower Inbred Line Development: Immature Embryo Rescue. Applied Sciences, 15(3), 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031576

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