Seismic Damage Investigation of Spatial Frames with Steel Beams Connected to L-Shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Finite Element Models
2.1. General Description
2.2. Material Constitutive Equations
2.2.1. Material Modeling of Steel
2.2.2. Material Modeling of Core Concrete
2.3. Finite Element Type and Mesh
2.3.1. Finite Element Type
2.3.2. Finite Element Mesh
2.3.3. Interface and Contact Processing
2.3.4. Boundary Conditions and Load Application
3. Frame Tests
3.1. Design of Experimental Specimens
3.2. Test Setup and Loading System
3.3. Test Results and Discussion
3.3.1. Failure Modes
3.3.2. Lateral Load (P) versus Lateral Displacement (∆)
4. Verification of the Finite Element Model
5. The Stress Analysis of the Composite Frame—A Further Numerical Study
6. Conclusions
- (1).
- the experimental results showed that the steel beam connected to L-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular column spatial frames had high earthquake resistance capacity. The failure modes of this composite frame followed the principle of the strong-column-weak-beam and strong-joints;
- (2).
- the FEA model developed in this paper was able to simulate the behavior of L-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular column spatial frames that were subjected to combined constant axial load and cyclic lateral loading accurately;
- (3).
- an effective stress-strain constitutive model was proposed in this paper, which described the behavior of confined concrete in L-shaped steel tube accurately. The interface and contact model introduced in the model improved the performance of the model in simulating the real behavior of the specimen; and,
- (4).
- cased on the results of the nonlinear analysis, the stress developing progress of L-shaped CFST columns was investigated. The load transferring mechanism and failure mechanism can be determined effectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CF | D (mm) | B (mm) | T (mm) | C | n | N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CF1 | 160 | 80 | 4 | C40 | 00 | 0.4 |
CF2 | 160 | 80 | 4 | C40 | 00 | 0.6 |
CF3 | 160 | 80 | 4 | C40 | 450 | 0.4 |
CF4 | 160 | 80 | 4 | C40 | 450 | 0.6 |
Steel Type | t (mm) | fy (MPa) | fu (MPa) | Es (MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tubes | 3.64 | 355 | 472 | 1.82 |
Beam | 3.75 | 362 | 485 | 1.79 |
Total Horizontal Displacement, x (mm) | x ≤ 10 | 10 ˂ x ≤ 20 | 20 ˂ x |
---|---|---|---|
Each stage displacement increments (mm) | 2 | 2 | 5 |
Number of cycles | 1 | 3 | 3 |
CF | Standard Deviation | Coefficient of Variation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CF1 | 188.7 | 207.5 | 0.909 | 0.014 | 1.5% |
CF2 | 185.8 | 206.1 | 0.902 | ||
CF3 | 205.4 | 220.7 | 0.931 | ||
CF4 | 200.9 | 216.7 | 0.927 |
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Zhang, J.; Li, Y.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, Z. Seismic Damage Investigation of Spatial Frames with Steel Beams Connected to L-Shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 1713. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101713
Zhang J, Li Y, Zheng Y, Wang Z. Seismic Damage Investigation of Spatial Frames with Steel Beams Connected to L-Shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(10):1713. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101713
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jicheng, Yong Li, Yu Zheng, and Zhijie Wang. 2018. "Seismic Damage Investigation of Spatial Frames with Steel Beams Connected to L-Shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns" Applied Sciences 8, no. 10: 1713. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101713