Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Data Acquisition
2.2. Subgroup Definition
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Demographics and Incidence of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms
3.2. Association between Laboratory Inspection Results and Diseases
3.3. Multivariable Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms
4.2. Internal Molecular Biomarkers
4.3. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CNS Virus Infections (n = 50) | Neurological Autoimmune Diseases (n = 30) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Sex (male/female) | 29/21 | 16/14 | 0.684 |
Age (years), Mean (SD) | 48.7 (17.6) | 48.6 (16.9) | 0.988 |
Abnormal behavior (without/with) | 39/11 | 29/1 | 0.026 * |
Impaired memory (without/with) | 48/2 | 27/3 | 0.358 |
Disturbance of consciousness (without/with) | 30/20 | 24/6 | 0.064 |
Abnormal sensation and thought (without/with) | 28/22 | 24/6 | 0.029 * |
CNS Virus Infections | Neurological Autoimmune Diseases | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | [Q1, Q3] | Median | [Q1, Q3] | ||
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 269 | [178, 391] | 252 | [220, 331] | 0.833 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 61 | [46.3, 71.8] | 52 | [43.0, 65.8] | 0.278 |
Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L) | 227 | [189, 301] | 189 | [168, 246] | 0.063 |
Creatine kinase (IU/L) | 122 | [60.0, 457] | 91 | [48.0, 140] | 0.074 |
Urea (mmol/L) | 4.7 | [3.47, 5.68] | 4.7 | [4.32, 6.50] | 0.611 |
Total bile acids (μmol/L) | 2.5 | [1.73, 4.13] | 4.8 | [2.40, 6.20] | 0.060 |
Indirect bilirubin (μmol/L) | 9.07 | [7.24, 13.1] | 6.19 | [5.23, 9.24] | 0.005 * |
Direct bilirubin (μmol/L) | 4.56 | [3.49, 6.28] | 2.86 | [1.98, 4.87] | 0.004 * |
Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 14.3 | [10.8, 19.5] | 9.32 | [6.73, 13.4] | 0.004 * |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.42 | [1.91, 3.02] | 2.56 | [2.27, 3.06] | 0.447 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 0.975 | [0.793, 1.43] | 1.21 | [0.905, 1.44] | 0.278 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.97 | [0.668, 1.27] | 0.92 | [0.705, 1.36] | 0.656 |
Albumin (g/L) | 40.6 | [36.3, 43.3] | 41.4 | [38.2, 43.6] | 0.379 |
CNS Virus Infections (n = 50) | Neurological Autoimmune Diseases (n = 30) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | [Q1, Q3] | Median | [Q1, Q3] | ||
CSF cell counts (×106/L) | 263.00 | [40.0, 1000] | 11.50 | [2.00, 291] | 0.01 * |
CSF white cell counts (×106/L) | 16.50 | [2.75, 140] | 2.00 | [1.00, 9.00] | 0.01 * |
CSF glucose (mg/dL) | 61.40 | [55.3, 73.4] | 66.80 | [57.8, 75.1] | 0.53 |
CSF chloride (mmol/L) | 125.00 | [121, 128] | 126.00 | [123, 130] | 0.12 |
CSF protein (mg/dL) | 42.80 | [25.4, 89.9] | 44.60 | [29.7, 54.5] | 0.77 |
CSF lactic acid (mmol/L) | 1.95 | [1.63, 2.68] | 1.80 | [1.60, 2.00] | 0.12 |
CSF IgG (mg/dL) | 5.46 | [3.04, 10.3] | 4.61 | [2.44, 7.04] | 0.55 |
CSF IgM (mg/dL) | 0.21 | [0.04, 0.45] | 0.09 | [0.06, 0.17] | 0.14 |
CSF IgA (mg/dL) | 0.78 | [0.37, 1.46] | 0.46 | [0.33, 1.31] | 0.40 |
IgG intrathecal synthesis rate | 3.18 | [1.52, 9.09] | 6.29 | [2.35, 9.22] | 0.54 |
Degree of Freedom | p-Value | OR | |
---|---|---|---|
Disturbance of consciousness | 1 | 0.008 * | 7.79 |
Abnormal sensation and thought | 1 | 0.032 * | 5.07 |
Blood indirect bilirubin | 1 | 0.016 * | 1.25 |
CSF white cell counts | 1 | 0.011 * | 1.01 |
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Gao, D.; Lv, X.; Shen, Z.; Wang, H.; Zhao, W.; Wang, H.; Jin, X.; Tan, L.; Yin, L.; Wang, J.; et al. Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting. Brain Sci. 2024, 14, 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090888
Gao D, Lv X, Shen Z, Wang H, Zhao W, Wang H, Jin X, Tan L, Yin L, Wang J, et al. Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting. Brain Sciences. 2024; 14(9):888. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090888
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Daiquan, Xue Lv, Zuoyao Shen, Huicong Wang, Wenfeng Zhao, Huang Wang, Xiukun Jin, Liuchen Tan, Lu Yin, Junhui Wang, and et al. 2024. "Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting" Brain Sciences 14, no. 9: 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090888