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Brain Sciences
Special Issues
New Advances in Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation
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New Advances in Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 625

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Junhui Wang

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Guest Editor
Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
Interests: astrocyte; neuroinflammation; mental health; behavioral science; cognitive impairment; Alzheimer's disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xueping Chen

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Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Interests: neurodegenerative disease; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Dr. Jing Sun

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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Interests: clinical neuropathology; neuroglial cells; neuroinflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Matheus Uba Chupel

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Guest Editor
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
Interests: exercise; immunology; blood-brain barrier; supplementation; neurotrophic factors; cognition; biostatistics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing evidence points to strong immunological and inflammatory components in various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and functions of these immune and inflammatory responses is crucial for advancing our knowledge of conditions like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, mental disorders, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A great number of clinical trails have failed to successfully address the issue of neuroinflammation and its complex orchestrated response that harnesses age-related diseases. Therefore, the exact role of neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation requires extensive investigation.

This Special Issue of Brain Sciences aims to showcase recent advances in neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation research in both preclinical and clinical areas, with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases. We particularly welcome in vivo and in vitro studies on new concepts, technological innovations, and novel models that can be applied to explore the role of neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation in neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. This includes (but is not limited to), the role of inflammation in blood-brain barrier dysfunction, the effects of new drugs to treat neurodegenerative diseases and their role in the immune response, and the mediating effects of anti-inflammatory therapies in neurodegeneration.

In addition to research articles, reviews and mini-reviews on recent progress in neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation in neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases are encouraged. Submissions of case reports on rare glia-related conditions (neuroinflammation) from clinical settings, including imaging or neuropathology patterns, are also welcome.

Dr. Junhui Wang
Dr. Xueping Chen
Dr. Jing Sun
Dr. Matheus Uba Chupel
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neuroinflammation
  • neuroimmunology
  • glia
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • cytokines
  • chemokines

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

9 pages, 542 KiB  
Article
Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting
by Daiquan Gao, Xue Lv, Zuoyao Shen, Huicong Wang, Wenfeng Zhao, Huang Wang, Xiukun Jin, Liuchen Tan, Lu Yin, Junhui Wang, Weihua Yue and Hongxing Wang
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(9), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090888 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 401
Abstract
It is challenging to differentiate between central nervous system (CNS) virus infections and neurological autoimmune diseases in the emergency department. Considering their different pathogenesis, we assume they differ in neuropsychiatric symptoms and laboratory results. A total of 80 patients were included in this [...] Read more.
It is challenging to differentiate between central nervous system (CNS) virus infections and neurological autoimmune diseases in the emergency department. Considering their different pathogenesis, we assume they differ in neuropsychiatric symptoms and laboratory results. A total of 80 patients were included in this study, 50 with CNS virus infections and 30 with CNS autoimmune diseases, confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A binary logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were employed to examine the discrimination between the two types of diseases based on neuropsychiatric symptoms and laboratory results. Compared to patients with neurological autoimmune diseases, patients with CNS virus infections had a higher incidence of abnormal behavior (p = 0.026) and abnormal sensation/thought (p = 0.029); higher total (p = 0.005), direct (p = 0.004), and indirect bilirubin (p = 0.004); and increased CSF cell (p = 0.01) and CSF white cell counts (p = 0.01). Patients with disturbance of consciousness and abnormal sensation/thought were 7.79-fold and 5.07-fold more likely to be diagnosed with CNS virus infections (OR = 7.79, p = 0.008; OR = 5.07, p = 0.032). Each unit increase in blood indirect bilirubin concentration and CSF white cell counts increased the risk of developing CNS virus infections by 1.25-fold and 1.01-fold (OR = 1.25, p = 0.016; OR = 1.01, p = 0.011). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve was 88.0% (p < 0.001). Our study found that patients with CNS viral infections tend to have higher blood indirect bilirubin concentration, CSF leukocyte count, frequency of disorders of consciousness, and abnormal sensation and thought, which may help differentiate them from those with neurological autoimmune diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Effect of a multicomponent program on cardiac risk and the immune system in teachers with mental disorders.
Authors: Ricelli da Rocha
Affiliation: Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University; Federal University Of Santa Catarina, Brazil

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