Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Model Inputs
2.2. Model Structure
2.3. Vaccination Simulation Base Model Scenarios
2.4. Additional Scenario Analyses
2.5. Comparison to Prior Models
3. Results
3.1. Base Model
3.2. Scenario Analyses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Model | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range of Season Peaks | ||||||||||
Single Dose | Dose 1, normal distribution starts 1 Sep | |||||||||
Two Dose | Dose 1, normal distribution starts 1 Sep | Dose 2, 90 days after dose 1 |
Season Peak | Age 65–74 Years | Age 75–84 Years | Age 85 and up | Overall: Age 65 and up |
---|---|---|---|---|
December | ||||
One dose | 4006 (3787, 4259) | 2394 (2251, 2511) | 1568 (1398, 1729) | 3010 (2860, 3156) |
Two doses | 3936 (3745, 3931) | 2375 (2215, 2508) | 1542 (1381, 1717) | 2962 (2849, 3116) |
January | ||||
One dose | 4221 (4024, 4416) | 2477 (2337, 2689) | 1585 (1449, 1789) | 3144 (3021, 3293) |
Two doses | 3985 (3791, 4191) | 2373 (2193, 2548) | 1523 (1398, 1701) | 2985 (2836, 3108) |
February | ||||
One dose | 3932 (3629, 4190) | 2215 (1956, 2326) | 1391 (1220, 1608) | 2880 (2644, 3094) |
Two doses | 3312 (2850, 3670) | 1938 (1648, 2165) | 1242 (1033, 1422) | 2465 (2104, 2735) |
March | ||||
One dose | 2751 (2194, 3305) | 1493 (1099, 1804) | 916 (686, 1132) | 1985 (1577, 2382) |
Two doses | 2190 (1691, 2617) | 1249 (942, 1519) | 793 (587, 1024) | 1613 (1242, 1931) |
Season Peak | Age 65–74 Years | Age 75–84 Years | Age 85 and up | Overall: Age 65 and up |
---|---|---|---|---|
December | ||||
One dose | 247 (212, 283) | 297 (261, 334) | 473 (393, 554) | 302 (296, 311) |
Two doses | 240 (209, 268) | 291 (254, 335) | 466 (375, 545) | 295 (270, 31,937) |
January | ||||
One dose | 260 (225, 299) | 307 (270, 354) | 480 (396, 572) | 313 (285, 341) |
Two doses | 244 (210, 278) | 291 (256, 330) | 457 (377, 555) | 296 (273, 323) |
February | ||||
One dose | 243 (200, 279) | 277 (230, 327) | 416 (342, 500) | 283 (249, 315) |
Two doses | 207 (169, 254) | 243 (190, 290) | 370 (275, 443) | 246 (198, 283) |
March | ||||
One dose | 171 (126, 216) | 186 (133, 250) | 277 (183, 381) | 194 (145, 246) |
Two doses | 137 (95, 169) | 159 (110, 214) | 237 (165, 311) | 161 (118, 196) |
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Williams, K.V.; Krauland, M.G.; Harrison, L.H.; Williams, J.V.; Roberts, M.S.; Zimmerman, R.K. Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1799. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111799
Williams KV, Krauland MG, Harrison LH, Williams JV, Roberts MS, Zimmerman RK. Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study. Vaccines. 2022; 10(11):1799. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111799
Chicago/Turabian StyleWilliams, Katherine V., Mary G. Krauland, Lee H. Harrison, John V. Williams, Mark S. Roberts, and Richard K. Zimmerman. 2022. "Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study" Vaccines 10, no. 11: 1799. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111799
APA StyleWilliams, K. V., Krauland, M. G., Harrison, L. H., Williams, J. V., Roberts, M. S., & Zimmerman, R. K. (2022). Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study. Vaccines, 10(11), 1799. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111799