Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Improve Clinical Outcome in Transcriptional Active Human Parvovirus B19-Positive Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Analysis of EMB
2.2.1. Genomic DNA Isolation from EMBs
2.2.2. Detection of Viral Genomes in EMBs by Nested-PCR and Sequencing
2.2.3. Measurement of Viral DNA Load by Quantitative Real-Time PCR (TaqMan qPCR)
2.2.4. RNA Isolation, Reverse Transcription (RT), and TaqMan qPCR for Measurement of Viral Transcripts
2.2.5. Histological and Immunohistochemical Staining for Assessment of Inflammation
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. EMB Analyses at Baseline and Follow-Up
3.2. LTD Side Effects
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Study Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Patient Characteristics | |
Men, n (%) | 13 (65) |
Age, years, mean ± SD | 45.7 ± 13.9 |
History, weeks ± SD | 18.9 ± 11.4 |
LVEF, % ± SD; [range 25–75] | 37.7 ± 13.5 [26.5–51.0] |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg ± SD | 102 ± 27 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg ± SD | 69 ± 8 |
Infection preceding onset of symptoms < 12 weeks, % | 70.7 |
Complaints at Baseline Biopsy | |
MLHFQ total score, mean ± SD | 68.1 ± 17.7 |
6MWD, m, mean ± SD | 468.8 ± 73.3 |
Dyspnea on exertion, n (%) | 15 (88.2) |
NYHA class I/II/III/IV, % | 0/47.0/47.0/5.9 |
Heart Failure Medication | |
ACE inhibitors/Angiotensin receptor blockers, n (%) | 17 (100) |
Beta-blockers, n (%) | 15 (88.2) |
Aldosterone-antagonists, n (%) | 13 (76.4) |
Diuretics, n (%) | 16 (94.1) |
Baseline | Follow-Up | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
LVEF, % ± SD, [range 25–75] | 39.6 ± 12.4 [27.7–52.5] | 52.9 ± 15.7 [38.7–65.0] | p = 0.02 |
MLHFQ total score, mean ± SD | 66.6 ± 16.4 | 43.2 ± 23.9 | p = 0.03 |
6MWD, m, mean ± SD | 465.9 ± 82.8 | 559.8 ± 71.7 | p = 0.04 |
Dyspnea on exertion, n (%) | 12 (85.7) | 4 (28.5) | p = 0.0006 |
NYHA class I/II/III/IV, % | 0/57.1/35.7/7.1 | 35.7/64.2/0/0 | p = 0.001 |
Baseline | Follow-Up | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
CD3+ cells/mm2 | 8.7 ± 7.7 | 4.7 ± 4.0 | 0.1 |
LFA-1+ cells/mm2 | 15.9 ± 11.6 | 10.9 ± 8.3 | 0.09 |
CD45R0+ cells/mm2 | 23.5 ± 15.0 | 20.5 ± 17.5 | 0.4 |
MAC-1+ cells/mm2 | 42.9 ± 41.5 | 28.7 ± 17.9 | 0.3 |
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Schultheiss, H.-P.; Bock, T.; Pietsch, H.; Aleshcheva, G.; Baumeier, C.; Fruhwald, F.; Escher, F. Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Improve Clinical Outcome in Transcriptional Active Human Parvovirus B19-Positive Patients. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 1928. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091928
Schultheiss H-P, Bock T, Pietsch H, Aleshcheva G, Baumeier C, Fruhwald F, Escher F. Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Improve Clinical Outcome in Transcriptional Active Human Parvovirus B19-Positive Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(9):1928. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091928
Chicago/Turabian StyleSchultheiss, Heinz-Peter, Thomas Bock, Heiko Pietsch, Ganna Aleshcheva, Christian Baumeier, Friedrich Fruhwald, and Felicitas Escher. 2021. "Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Improve Clinical Outcome in Transcriptional Active Human Parvovirus B19-Positive Patients" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 9: 1928. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091928