Venom Immunotherapy Does Not Affect Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumor in Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Aim of the Study
2. Materials and Methods
- Study group
- 2.
- Protocol of the study
3. Results
- Incidence of malignancy in the study group
- 2.
- Cancer-related mortality in the study group
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AIT | allergen immunotherapy |
EAACI | European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
TGFβ | transforming growth factor beta |
VIT | venom immunotherapy |
IL-4R | interleukin 4 receptor |
IL-5R | interleukin 5 receptor |
References
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City | Number of Patients Included | Number of Cancer Cases | % of Patients with Cancer History |
---|---|---|---|
Białystok | 85 | 2 | 2.3% |
Bydgoszcz | 525 | 16 | 3.0% |
Gdańsk | 651 | 37 | 5.6% |
Kraków | 187 | 3 | 1.6% |
Lubin | 125 | 4 | 3.2% |
Łódź | 457 | 18 | 3.9% |
Warszawa | 393 | 21 | 5.3% * |
Wrocław | 573 | 10 | 1.7% |
Zabrze | 106 | 2 | 1.9% |
Characteristic of the Study Participants | |
---|---|
Gender | Women: 55 Men: 30 |
Age at cancer screening | 20–94 years (mean: 65 years) |
Age at diagnosis of cancer | 16–87 years (mean: 57 years) |
Allergen used for VIT | Wasp venom: 67 patients Bee venom: 16 patients Wasp and bee venom: 2 patients |
Grade of stinging-related anaphylaxis (Mueller’s scale) | I 1 patient II 3 patients III 52 patients IV 29 patients |
Duration of VIT | 4–154 months (mean: 49 months) |
Cumulative dose of vaccine given on VIT | 411–6300 μg (mean: 3676 μg) |
Vaccines applied for initial phase of VIT | Pharmalgen: 33 patients Venomenhal: 52 patients |
Vaccines applied for maintenance phase of VIT | Pharmalgen: 2 patients Venomenhal: 39 patients Alutard: 44 patients |
Data for General Polish Population | Study Group 2019 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | |
Total cancer incidence (no. new cases) | 119,225 | 145,822 | 147,877 | |
Total cancer incidence—crude rate (per 100,000) | 311.65 | 378.59 | 385.56 | 159.5 |
Lung cancer incidence (no. new cases) | 19,989 | 21,384 | 18,997 | |
Lung cancer incidence—crude rate (per 100,000) | 52.25 | 55.52 | 49.53 | 16.84 |
Breast cancer incidence (no. new cases) | 12,664 | 16,300 | 17,807 | |
Breast cancer incidence—crude rate (per 100,000) | 33.10 | 42.32 | 46.43 | 37.33 |
Colon cancer incidence (no. new cases) | 6443 | 9452 | 9444 | |
Colon cancer incidence—crude rate (per 100,000) | 16.84 | 24.54 | 24.62 | 9.35 |
Total cancer mortality (no. cases) | 84,559 | 92,605 | 99,870 | |
Total cancer mortality—crude rate (per 100,000) | 221.03 | 240.43 | 260.39 | 37.3 |
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Chełmińska, M.; Specjalski, K.; Jassem, E.; Polańska, J.; Kita, K.; Górska, L.; Didkowska, J.; Wojciechowska, U.; Nittner-Marszalska, M.; Kuna, P.; et al. Venom Immunotherapy Does Not Affect Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumor in Poland. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3152. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113152
Chełmińska M, Specjalski K, Jassem E, Polańska J, Kita K, Górska L, Didkowska J, Wojciechowska U, Nittner-Marszalska M, Kuna P, et al. Venom Immunotherapy Does Not Affect Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumor in Poland. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(11):3152. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113152
Chicago/Turabian StyleChełmińska, Marta, Krzysztof Specjalski, Ewa Jassem, Joanna Polańska, Karolina Kita, Lucyna Górska, Joanna Didkowska, Urszula Wojciechowska, Marita Nittner-Marszalska, Piotr Kuna, and et al. 2024. "Venom Immunotherapy Does Not Affect Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumor in Poland" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 11: 3152. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113152