Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to clarify the effects of a hyperglycemic condition on the clinical consequences of long COVID. Methods: Among 643 patients who visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital from February 2021 to September 2023, long COVID patients were classified into a hyperglycemic (HG) group with casual blood glucose levels above 140 mg/dL and a normoglycemic (NG) group. The patients’ backgrounds, clinical symptoms, health status including the QOL evaluation scale (EQ-5D-5L), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and F-scale questionnaire (FSSG), blood test data, and recovery periods were analyzed. Results: The NG group included 607 patients with long COVID and the HG group included 36 patients with long COVID. Patients in the HG group were older than those in the NG group (55 vs. 41 years; p < 0.001) and included a larger percentage of males (67% vs. 44%; p = 0.009). The HG group had a larger percentage of patients with moderate-to-severe conditions in the acute infection phase (28% vs. 12%; p = 0.008), a higher BMI (25 vs. 22 kg/m2; p < 0.001), higher blood pressure (138/81 vs. 122/72 mmHg; p < 0.001), and a larger percentage of patients with an alcohol drinking habit (53% vs. 34%; p = 0.031). Long COVID symptoms and self-rated scales were not differed between the two groups; however, the laboratory data showed that liver and renal functions and metabolic data were significantly worse in the HG group. Although there was no apparent difference between the two groups in duration from the infection to the first visit, the HG group had a significantly longer period of recovery from long COVID (median period of 421 vs. 294 days; p = 0.019). Conclusion: A hyperglycemic state associated with other lifestyle-related diseases is associated with the prolongation of recovery from long COVID.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Yokoyama, S.; Honda, H.; Otsuka, Y.; Tokumasu, K.; Nakano, Y.; Sakurada, Y.; Matsuda, Y.; Sunada, N.; Hasegawa, T.; Takase, R.;
et al. Importance of Blood Glucose Measurement for Predicting the Prognosis of Long COVID: A Retrospective Study in Japan. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4099.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144099
AMA Style
Yokoyama S, Honda H, Otsuka Y, Tokumasu K, Nakano Y, Sakurada Y, Matsuda Y, Sunada N, Hasegawa T, Takase R,
et al. Importance of Blood Glucose Measurement for Predicting the Prognosis of Long COVID: A Retrospective Study in Japan. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(14):4099.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144099
Chicago/Turabian Style
Yokoyama, Sho, Hiroyuki Honda, Yuki Otsuka, Kazuki Tokumasu, Yasuhiro Nakano, Yasue Sakurada, Yui Matsuda, Naruhiko Sunada, Toru Hasegawa, Ryosuke Takase,
and et al. 2024. "Importance of Blood Glucose Measurement for Predicting the Prognosis of Long COVID: A Retrospective Study in Japan" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14: 4099.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144099
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.