Real-World Practices of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy Screening in Various Clinical Settings and Practice-Associated Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Definitions
2.3. Evaluations
2.4. Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
3.2. Practices and Characteristics of Baseline and Monitoring Examinations across Different Settings
3.3. Comparison of Demographic and Clinical Factors According to Baseline and Monitoring Examinations
3.4. Comparisons of Characteristics According to the Modalities Used for Monitoring Examinations
3.5. Factors Associated with Undergoing Baseline and Monitoring Examinations
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Mean or Value (SD or %) |
---|---|
Age, mean (years) | 56.0 (16.5) |
<30 | 4635 (7.9%) |
30–39 | 6014 (10.2%) |
40–49 | 8920 (15.2%) |
50–59 | 12,815 (21.8%) |
≥60 | 26,368 (44.9%) |
Sex | |
Male–female | 22,465:36,287 (38.2%:61.8%) |
Residence | |
Metropolitan area/large cities–small cities/rural | 27,890:30,862 (47.5%:52.5%) |
Medical specialties prescribing PPS | |
Urology | 50,732 (86.4%) |
Obstetrics/gynecology | 5128 (8.7%) |
Internal medicine | 1548 (2.6%) |
Others | 1344 (2.3%) |
Hospitals of prescription | |
Primary–referral centers | 31,965:26,787 (54.4%:45.6%) |
Medical indications for PPS use | |
Interstitial cystitis–Other cystitis–Others | 54,597:1625:2530 (92.9%:2.8%:4.3%) |
Mean/median duration, months | 3.5/1.0 (6.2) |
Daily dose (mg), mean | 246.4 (64.5) |
<200:200–299:≥300 | 7283:21,949:29,520 (12.4%:37.4%:50.3%) |
Settings/Characteristics | Percentage of Patients with Baseline Exam within 1 Year (%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Residence | ||
Metropolitan area/large cities | 3891/27,890 (14.0%) | 0.976 |
Small cities/rural | 4303/30,862 (13.9%) | |
Medical specialties prescribing PPS | ||
Urology | 7284/50,732 (14.4%) | <0.001 |
Obstetrics/gynecology | 529/5128 (10.3%) | |
Internal medicine | 208/1548 (13.4%) | |
Others | 173/1344 (12.9%) | |
Hospitals of prescription | ||
Primary | 4830/31,965 (15.1%) | <0.001 |
Referral centers | 3364/26,787 (12.6%) | |
Medical indications for PPS use | ||
Interstitial cystitis | 7626/54,597 (14.0%) | 0.838 |
Other cystitis | 225/1625 (13.9%) | |
Others | 343/2530 (13.6%) |
Settings/Characteristics | Percentage of Patients with Subsequent Monitoring within One Year (%) | p-Value | Percentage of Patients with Recent Monitoring (%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Residence | ||||
Small cities/rural (Residence) | 2368/27,890 (8.5%) | 0.003 | 3769/27,890 (13.5%) | <0.001 |
Large cities | 2745/30,862 (8.9%) | 3860/30,862 (12.5%) | ||
Medical specialties prescribing PPS | ||||
Urology | 4572/50,732 (9.0%) | 0.072 | 6708/50,732 (13.2%) | 0.001 |
Internal medicine | 130/1548 (8.4%) | 199/1548 (12.9%) | ||
Obstetrics and gynecology | 295/5128 (5.8%) | 548/5128 (10.7%) | ||
Others | 116/1344 (8.6%) | 174/1344 (12.9%) | ||
Hospitals of prescription | ||||
Primary | 3090/31,965 (9.7%) | <0.001 | 4330/31,965 (13.5%) | <0.001 |
Referral centers | 2023/26,787 (7.6%) | 3299/26,787 (12.3%) | ||
Hospitals of baseline examinations | ||||
Primary | 694/1880 (36.9%) | 0.847 | 962/1880 (51.2%) | 0.001 |
Referral centers | 4419/12,046 (36.7%) | 6667/12,046 (55.3%) | ||
Medical indications for PPS use | ||||
Interstitial cystitis | 4777/54,597 (8.7%) | 0.890 | 7126/54,597 (13.1%) | 0.498 |
Other cystitis | 134/1625 (8.2%) | 195/1625 (12.0%) | ||
Others | 202/2530 (8.0%) | 308/2530 (12.2%) |
Characteristics | OCT without FAF (n = 4841) | OCT with FAF (n = 443) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Mean age (years) | 62.5 ± 13.1 | 61.6 ± 12.2 | 0.139 |
Sex | |||
Male Female | 1902 (91.5%) 2939 (91.7%) | 176 (8.5%) 267 (8.3%) | 0.856 |
Residence | |||
Metropolitan area/large cities Small cities/rural | 2276 (91.7%) 2565 (91.5%) | 206 (8.3%) 237 (8.5%) | 0.836 |
Medical specialties prescribing PPS | |||
Urology Internal medicine Obstetrics and gynecology Others | 4280 (91.6%) 136 (90.7%) 307 (93.0%) 118 (91.5%) | 395 (8.5%) 14 (9.3%) 23 (7.0%) 11 (8.5%) | 0.786 |
Hospitals of prescription | |||
Primary Referral centers | 2953 (91.0%) 1888 (92.6%) | 291 (9.0%) 152 (7.5%) | 0.052 |
Hospitals of monitoring | |||
Primary Secondary/tertiary | 1028 (86.0%) 3813 (93.3%) | 168 (14.1%) 275 (6.7%) | <0.001 |
Indications for PPS use | |||
Interstitial cystitis Other cystitis Others | 4501 (91.6%) 126 (96.2%) 214 (89.2%) | 412 (8.4%) 5 (3.8%) 26 (10.8%) | 0.066 |
Mean duration (month) | 4.9 ± 8.2 | 4.9 ± 7.7 | 0.997 |
Mean daily dose (mg) | 241.8 ± 66.3 | 247.4 ± 63.5 | 0.092 |
Characteristics | Baseline Examination | Subsequent Monitoring | Recent Monitoring | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
Age (years) | 1.023 (1.021–1.024) | <0.001 | 1.023 (1.020–1.026) | <0.001 | 0.998 (0.995–1.000) | 0.090 |
Sex | ||||||
Male Female | 1 (reference) 1.279 (1.215–1.346) | <0.001 | 1 (reference) 0.958 (0.888–1.034) | 0.272 | 1 (reference) 1.038 (0.965–1.117) | 0.316 |
Residence | ||||||
Metropolitan area/large cities Small cities/rural | 1 (reference) 0.928 (0.885–0.973) | 0.002 | 1 (reference) 1.060 (0.988–1.138) | 0.105 | 1 (reference) 0.891 (0.833–0.954) | 0.001 |
Medical specialties prescribing PPS | ||||||
Urology Internal medicine OB-GYN Others | 1 (reference) 0.880 (0.757–1.024) 0.806 (0.729–0.890) 0.807 (0.685–0.952) | <0.001 | 1 (reference) 1.026 (0.820–1.283) 0.998 (0.857–1.163) 1.034 (0.812–1.316) | 0.989 | 1 (reference) 1.000 (0.807–1.241) 1.146 (0.991–1.326) 1.151 (0.909–1.458) | 0.208 |
Hospitals of prescription | ||||||
Primary Referral centers | 1 (reference) 0.995 (0.944–1.048) | 0.849 | 1 (reference) 1.051 (0.973–1.135) | 0.204 | 1 (reference) 1.069 (0.993–1.151) | 0.075 |
Indications for PPS use | ||||||
Interstitial cystitis Other cystitis Others | 1 (reference) 0.983 (0.849–1.137) 0.937 (0.831–1.057) | 0.565 | 1 (reference) 1.033 (0.827–1.290) 0.977 (0.814–1.173) | 0.928 | 1 (reference) 0.949 (0.767–1.176) 1.139 (0.953–1.360) | 0.308 |
Mean duration (month) | 1.012 (1.009–1.016) | <0.001 | 1.004 (1.000–1.009) | 0.062 | 0.985 (0.980–0.989) | <0.001 |
Mean daily dose (mg) | 1.000 (1.000–1.000) | 0.800 | 1.000 (0.999–1.000) | 0.347 | 1.000 (0.999–1.000) | 0.849 |
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Kim, J.; Ahn, S.J. Real-World Practices of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy Screening in Various Clinical Settings and Practice-Associated Factors. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5090. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175090
Kim J, Ahn SJ. Real-World Practices of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy Screening in Various Clinical Settings and Practice-Associated Factors. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(17):5090. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175090
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Jiyeong, and Seong Joon Ahn. 2024. "Real-World Practices of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy Screening in Various Clinical Settings and Practice-Associated Factors" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17: 5090. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175090