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10.3390/jcm14010084
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Background:
Systematic Review

Calcified Amorphous Tumor and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature

by
Mathieu N. Suleiman
1,*,
Abbas Agaimy
2,
Oliver Dewald
1,
Ann-Sophie Kaemmerer-Suleiman
1,
Fritz Mellert
1,
Michael Weyand
1 and
Frank Harig
1
1
Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
2
Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(1), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010084
Submission received: 20 November 2024 / Revised: 23 December 2024 / Accepted: 23 December 2024 / Published: 27 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Medicine)
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Abstract

Background: Calcified amorphous tumor (CAT) is a rare, mostly incidental tumor-like cardiac lesion of unknown histogenesis. Current imaging modalities do not differentiate between CAT and other masses. As it can be a source for embolization, surgical excision of CAT is mandatory. CAT in patients with Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is exceedingly rare. Methods: This systematic literature review was prompted by the case of a CAT in a patient with GPA. The search of all types of studies in two databases (PubMed and Scopus) was conducted through November 2024 to identify the relevant studies. Results: Nine studies were included describing cases of patients being diagnosed with GPA and a cardiac mass. All included patients had a histopathological examination of the either biopsied or surgically resected mass. Only one case reported a CAT. In our case, the patient was diagnosed with GPA through a kidney biopsy, whereas a cardiac mass in the right atrium was diagnosed by echocardiography during evaluation for possible kidney transplantation. One year later a progression was observed, and the mass was resected. The histopathological examination revealed a CAT. The patient could be successfully discharged in a good clinical condition. Conclusions: This systematic literature search and case report highlight the importance of regular echocardiographic examination in patients with GPA. Moreover, surgical excision is crucial for the diagnosis and for further therapy planning, regardless of whether the mass is neoplastic or not.
Keywords: calcified amorphous tumors; CAT; cardiac mass; granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA); Wegener’s granulomatosis calcified amorphous tumors; CAT; cardiac mass; granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA); Wegener’s granulomatosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Suleiman, M.N.; Agaimy, A.; Dewald, O.; Kaemmerer-Suleiman, A.-S.; Mellert, F.; Weyand, M.; Harig, F. Calcified Amorphous Tumor and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010084

AMA Style

Suleiman MN, Agaimy A, Dewald O, Kaemmerer-Suleiman A-S, Mellert F, Weyand M, Harig F. Calcified Amorphous Tumor and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(1):84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010084

Chicago/Turabian Style

Suleiman, Mathieu N., Abbas Agaimy, Oliver Dewald, Ann-Sophie Kaemmerer-Suleiman, Fritz Mellert, Michael Weyand, and Frank Harig. 2025. "Calcified Amorphous Tumor and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 1: 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010084

APA Style

Suleiman, M. N., Agaimy, A., Dewald, O., Kaemmerer-Suleiman, A.-S., Mellert, F., Weyand, M., & Harig, F. (2025). Calcified Amorphous Tumor and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(1), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010084

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