Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata; Smagacz, Janusz; Kwiatkowski, Cezary A.; Harasim, Elżbieta; Woźniak, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/agriculture10050186

Open AccessArticle

Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

by

Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk

^1,*

,

Janusz Smagacz

¹

,

Cezary A. Kwiatkowski

²

,

Elżbieta Harasim

²

and

Andrzej Woźniak

²

¹

Department of Systems and Economics of Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland

²

Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Agriculture 2020, 10(5), 186; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050186

Submission received: 16 April 2020 / Revised: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 20 May 2020 / Published: 24 May 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Weed Ecology and New Approaches for Management)

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Abstract

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

Keywords: reduced tillage; no-till; ploughing; winter wheat; weeds; seed bank; invasive weed species

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MDPI and ACS Style

Feledyn-Szewczyk, B.; Smagacz, J.; Kwiatkowski, C.A.; Harasim, E.; Woźniak, A. Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation. Agriculture 2020, 10, 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050186

AMA Style

Feledyn-Szewczyk B, Smagacz J, Kwiatkowski CA, Harasim E, Woźniak A. Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation. Agriculture. 2020; 10(5):186. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050186

Chicago/Turabian Style

Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata, Janusz Smagacz, Cezary A. Kwiatkowski, Elżbieta Harasim, and Andrzej Woźniak. 2020. "Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation" Agriculture 10, no. 5: 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050186

APA Style

Feledyn-Szewczyk, B., Smagacz, J., Kwiatkowski, C. A., Harasim, E., & Woźniak, A. (2020). Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation. Agriculture, 10(5), 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050186

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Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

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