Author Contributions
Methodology, F.L., Z.J. and T.C.; Investigation, F.L., Y.X., H.Z., G.W., G.S. and Y.Z.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, F.L.; Writing—Review and Editing, Y.X. and H.Z. Resources, F.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Figure 1.
Numerical approach for hydrodynamic analysis of the fish cages.
Figure 1.
Numerical approach for hydrodynamic analysis of the fish cages.
Figure 2.
Lumped mass method [
29].
Figure 2.
Lumped mass method [
29].
Figure 3.
Single cage numerical calculation model.
Figure 3.
Single cage numerical calculation model.
Figure 4.
Scheme 1: Layout of 1 × 4 cages and design of mooring system.
Figure 4.
Scheme 1: Layout of 1 × 4 cages and design of mooring system.
Figure 5.
Scheme 2: Layout of 1 × 4 cages and design of inclined mooring system.
Figure 5.
Scheme 2: Layout of 1 × 4 cages and design of inclined mooring system.
Figure 6.
Scheme 3: Layout of 2 × 2 cages and design of mooring system.
Figure 6.
Scheme 3: Layout of 2 × 2 cages and design of mooring system.
Figure 7.
Scheme 1 Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 7.
Scheme 1 Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 8.
Deformation of nets in Scheme 1.
Figure 8.
Deformation of nets in Scheme 1.
Figure 9.
Scheme 1. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 9.
Scheme 1. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 10.
Scheme 1. Maximum mooring line tension under 90° wave-current incidence.
Figure 10.
Scheme 1. Maximum mooring line tension under 90° wave-current incidence.
Figure 11.
Scheme 1. Side view of cable status when large displacement occurs (0° wave-current incidence).
Figure 11.
Scheme 1. Side view of cable status when large displacement occurs (0° wave-current incidence).
Figure 12.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 12.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 13.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 13.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 14.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 90° wave-current incidence.
Figure 14.
Scheme 2. Maximum mooring line tension under 90° wave-current incidence.
Figure 15.
Scheme 2. Side view of cable status when large displacement occurs (90° wave-current incidence).
Figure 15.
Scheme 2. Side view of cable status when large displacement occurs (90° wave-current incidence).
Figure 16.
Scheme 3. Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 16.
Scheme 3. Maximum mooring line tension under 0° wave-current incidence.
Figure 17.
Scheme 3. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 17.
Scheme 3. Maximum mooring line tension under 45° wave-current incidence.
Figure 18.
Response to the surge motion.
Figure 18.
Response to the surge motion.
Figure 19.
Heave motion response.
Figure 19.
Heave motion response.
Figure 20.
Maximum cable tension.
Figure 20.
Maximum cable tension.
Figure 21.
Motion of Fish Cage1.
Figure 21.
Motion of Fish Cage1.
Figure 22.
Comparison of motion spectrum.
Figure 22.
Comparison of motion spectrum.
Figure 23.
Tension on mooring chain and connect cable.
Figure 23.
Tension on mooring chain and connect cable.
Figure 24.
Tension spectrum of mooring chain and connecting cable.
Figure 24.
Tension spectrum of mooring chain and connecting cable.
Figure 25.
Fitting of Gumbel distribution for mooring line at 0° wave-current incidence direction.
Figure 25.
Fitting of Gumbel distribution for mooring line at 0° wave-current incidence direction.
Figure 26.
Fitting of Gumbel distribution for mooring line at 45° wave-current incidence direction.
Figure 26.
Fitting of Gumbel distribution for mooring line at 45° wave-current incidence direction.
Table 1.
Cage main size parameters.
Table 1.
Cage main size parameters.
Floating collar | Length × width × height (m) | 41.8 × 41.8 × 1.75 |
Pontoon size (m) | 3.65/4.6 × 1.3 × 1.1 |
Floating collar diameter (m) | 0.7/0.6 |
Netting system | Length × width × depth (m) | 36 × 36× 10 |
net solidity | 0.129 |
Table 2.
Cable parameter.
Table 2.
Cable parameter.
Scheme | Chain Categories | Chain Length (m) | Mooring Radius (m) | Steel Grade |
---|
Scheme 1 | A | 558 | 550 | R3S |
B | 508 | 500 | R3S |
Scheme 2 | A | 558 | 550 | R3S |
B | 508 | 500 | R3S |
C | 508 | 500 | R3S |
Scheme 3 | A | 448 | 440 | R3S |
Table 3.
Mooring system check calculation working condition table.
Table 3.
Mooring system check calculation working condition table.
Condition | Direction (°) | Depth (m) | Wave Period (s) | Wave Height (m) | Flow Velocity (m/s) |
---|
Case1 | 0 | 32.5 | 12.5 | 8.4 | Surface 1.5 Seafloor 1.0 |
Case2 | 45 |
Case3 | 90 |
Table 4.
Irregular wave conditions.
Table 4.
Irregular wave conditions.
Depth (m) | Significant Wave Height (m) | Spectral Peak Period (s) | Flow Velocity (m/s) |
---|
32.5 | 4.7 | 8.5 | Surface 1.5 Seafloor 1.0 |
Table 5.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 1 (rigid net model).
Table 5.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 1 (rigid net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° | 90° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 447.90 | 314.83 | 232.23 |
Safety factor | 1.49 | 2.12 | 2.88 |
Pile and touch | No | No | No |
Table 6.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 1 (flexible net model).
Table 6.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 1 (flexible net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° | 90° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 438.68 | 307.50 | 224.63 |
Safety factor | 1.52 | 2.17 | 2.97 |
Pile and touch | No | No | No |
Table 7.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 2 (rigid net model).
Table 7.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 2 (rigid net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° | 90° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 349.07 | 324.81 | 380.06 |
Safety factor | 1.91 | 2.06 | 1.75 |
Pile and touch | No | No | No |
Table 8.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 2 (flexible net model).
Table 8.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 2 (flexible net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° | 90° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 340.81 | 313.39 | 370.25 |
Safety factor | 1.96 | 2.13 | 1.8 |
Piling and touching | No | No | No |
Table 9.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 3 (rigid net model).
Table 9.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 3 (rigid net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 328.45 | 235.76 |
Safety factor | 2.03 | 2.83 |
Pile and touch | No | No |
Table 10.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 3 (flexible net model).
Table 10.
Results of mooring line verification in Scheme 3 (flexible net model).
| Degree | 0° | 45° |
---|
Category | |
---|
Maximum cable tension (tons) | 319.86 | 224.47 |
Safety factor | 2.09 | 2.98 |
Pile and touch | No | No |
Table 11.
Estimation of short-term extreme load of mooring system at different wave directions.
Table 11.
Estimation of short-term extreme load of mooring system at different wave directions.
Working Condition | Mooring Line Load (P90) |
---|
0° wave-current incidence | 288.1 tons |
45° wave-current incidence | 224.5 tons |