Information, Volume 16, Issue 9

The rapid evolution of Information Technologies is deeply transforming manufacturing, demanding innovative and enhanced production paradigms. Industry 5.0 further advances that transformation by fostering a more resilient, sustainable, and human-cent...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs motor function, often causing tremors and difficulty with movement control. A promising diagnostic method involves analyzing hand-drawn patterns, such as spirals...

The increasing integration of artificial intelligence into educational processes offers new opportunities to address critical issues in higher education, such as student dropout, academic underperformance, and the need for personalized tutoring. This...

In recent years, the remarkable versatility of large language models (LLMs) has spurred considerable interest in leveraging their capabilities for recommendation systems. Critically, we argue that the intrinsic aptitude of LLMs for modeling sequentia...

Measuring the reliability of performance evaluations is particularly important when we evaluate non-deterministic models. This is the case of using large language models (LLMs) in classification tasks, where different runs generate different outputs....

Industrial process monitoring increasingly relies on sensor-generated time-series data, yet the lack of labels, high variability, and operational noise make it difficult to extract meaningful patterns using conventional methods. Existing clustering t...

The display contrast and efficiency of power consumption for LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays) continue to attract attention from both industry and academia. Local dimming approaches for direct-type backlight modules (BLMs, also referred to as backlight...

The governance of artificial intelligence (AI) in education requires theoretical grounding that extends beyond system compliance toward outcome-focused accountability. The EU AI Act classifies AI-based learning outcome assessment (AIB-LOA) as a high-...

The Mediterranean Sea, a biodiversity hotspot with over 8500 marine species, faces escalating threats from climate change, pollution, overfishing, and habitat degradation. This study introduces a novel Decision Support System (DSS) integrating a modi...

Creating engaging narratives from visual data is crucial for automated digital media consumption, assistive technologies, and interactive entertainment. This survey covers methodologies used in the generation of these narratives, focusing on their pr...

Over the last 15 years, cyberattacks have moved from attacking IT systems to targeted attacks on Operational Technology (OT) systems, also known as Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS). The first targeted OT cyberattack was Stuxnet in 2010, at which ti...

Today, the impact of information technologies (IT) on humanity in this artificial intelligence (AI) era is vast, transformative, and remarkable, especially on human beliefs, practices, and truth discovery. Modern IT advancements like AI, particularly...

The intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and education is revolutionizing learning and teaching in this digital era, with Generative AI and large language models (LLMs) providing even greater possibilities for the future. The digital transfor...

This study introduces a mobile application designed to assist visually impaired persons (VIPs) in navigating complex environments, such as supermarkets. Recent assistive tools often identify objects in isolation without providing contextual awareness...

To address the increasing complexity of web user behavior anomaly detection and the issue of missing semantic information caused by relying solely on features like request semantics or request sequences, this study proposes a multi-angle semantic fea...

Machine learning in natural language processing (NLP) analyzes datasets to make future predictions, but developing accurate models requires large, high-quality, and balanced datasets. However, collecting such datasets, especially for low-resource lan...

Energy forecasting is critical for modern power systems, enabling proactive grid control and efficient resource optimization. However, energy forecasting projects require systematic approaches that span project inception to model deployment while ens...

Existing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face challenges in enterprise settings due to limited retrieval scope and data security risks. When relevant internal documents are unavailable, the system struggles to generate accurate and compl...

Locally Repairable Codes (LRCs) have become the dominant design in wide-stripe erasure coding storage systems due to their excellent locality and low repair bandwidth. In such systems, the repair degree—defined as the number of helper nodes con...

The rapid adoption of green mobility solutions—such as electric-vehicle sharing and intelligent transportation systems—has accelerated the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, introducing complex security and performance...

Blockchain is described as a technology of trust. Its design relies on cryptography, decentralization, and immutability to ensure secure and transparent transactions. Yet users frequently report confusion, frustration, and skepticism when engaging wi...

Effectively managing visual search tasks across multiple spatial regions during daily activities such as driving, cycling, and navigating complex environments often overwhelms visual processing capacity, increasing the risk of errors and missed criti...

Currently, high quality datasets focused on Sign Language Recognition are either private, proprietary or difficult to obtain due to costs. Therefore, we aim to mitigate this problem by augmenting a publicly available dataset with artificially generat...

Traffic sign detection is critically important for intelligent transportation systems, yet persistent challenges like multi-scale variation and complex background interference severely degrade detection accuracy and real-time performance. To address...

With agriculture being the second biggest contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the excessive use of fertilizers, machinery, and inefficient farming practices, global efforts to reduce emissions have been intensified, opting for smart...

The spread of misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic raised widespread concerns about public health communication and media reliability. In this study, we focus on these issues as they manifested in Romanian-language media and employ Large Langu...

This study explores the relationship between digital governance, democratic quality, and public funding efficiency across the EU-27, with an emphasis on Greece. Using 2023 cross-sectional data from the DESI, Worldwide Governance Indicators, and Euros...

The creation of digital educational games often lacks strong user-centered design despite available frameworks, which tend to focus on technical and instructional aspects. This paper presents the Empathic Design Thinking Framework (EDTF), a structure...

In the era of rapid technological progress, Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has emerged as a pivotal tool across professional domains. Organizations pursue automation to boost efficiency and productivity, control costs, and reduce errors. RPA softwa...

To address the challenges of extensive domain expertise and deficient semantic comprehension in the digital preservation of ancient ceramics, this paper proposes a knowledge question answering (QA) system integrating Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) fine-t...

This paper addresses the nature of information through a thematic review of the literature. The nature of information describes its fundamental qualities, including structure, meaning, content and use. This paper reviews the critical and theoretical...

Query reformulation techniques optimize user queries to better align with documents, thus improving the performance of Information Retrieval (IR) systems. Previous methods have primarily focused on query expansion using techniques such as synonym rep...

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that annually affects 100–400 million people worldwide. Early detection of dengue enables easy treatment planning and helps reduce mortality rates. This study proposes three Swarm-based Metaheurist...

In aluminum electrolysis workshops, real-time pose perception of shelling heads is crucial to process accuracy and equipment safety. However, due to high temperatures, smoke, dust, and metal obstructions, traditional pose estimation methods struggle...

Developmental dyscalculia is a neurobiologically based learning disorder that impairs numerical processing and calculation abilities. Numerous studies underscore the critical importance of early detection to enable effective intervention, highlightin...

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT-4 and Gemini 1.0 demonstrate significant text generation capabilities but often struggle with outdated knowledge, domain specificity, and hallucinations. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a promisin...

Scientific creativity is a crucial indicator of adolescents’ potential in science and technology, and its automated evaluation plays a vital role in the early identification of innovative talent. To address challenges such as limited sample siz...

The rapid growth of digital content in Urdu has created an urgent need for effective automatic text summarization (ATS) systems. While extractive methods have been widely studied, abstractive summarization for Urdu remains largely unexplored due to t...

Software-defined networking (SDN) is a transformative approach for managing modern network architectures, particularly in Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. However, ensuring the optimal SDN performance and security often needs a robust sensitivi...

We study the properties of opinion formation on Wikipedia Ising Networks. Each Wikipedia article is represented as a node, and links are formed by citations of one article to another, generating a directed network of a given language edition with mil...

With global supply chains being reshaped and costs surging, China’s manufacturing sector faces mounting pressure to retain its position as the world’s largest manufacturing center. Meeting this challenge demands the full mobilization of d...

The development of online courses aligned with sustainable education principles is crucial for equipping learners with 21st-century skills essential for a sustainable future. As online education expands, predicting achievers (in this research, studen...

Due to the increasing harmfulness of software vulnerabilities, it is increasingly suggested to propose more efficient vulnerability assessment methods. However, existing methods mainly rely on manual updates and inefficient rule matching, and they st...

Blockchain technology has introduced new paradigms for identity management systems (IDMSs), enabling users to regain control over their identity data and reduce reliance on centralized authorities. In recent years, numerous blockchain-based IDMS solu...

Compressive Learning (CL) is an emerging paradigm that allows machine learning models to perform inference directly from compressed measurements, significantly reducing sensing and computational costs. While existing CL approaches have achieved compe...

Large language models (LLMs) often fail to correctly associate biomedical terms with their standardized ontology identifiers, posing challenges for downstream applications that rely on accurate, machine-readable codes. These linking failures can comp...

The detection of damage in wind turbine blades is critical for ensuring their operational efficiency and longevity. This study presents a novel method for wind turbine blade damage detection, utilizing Gramian Angular Field (GAF) transformations of v...

GitHub hosts over 10 million repositories, providing researchers with vast opportunities to study diverse software engineering problems. However, as anyone can create a repository for any purpose at no cost, open-source platforms contain many non-coo...

The rapid growth of Internet-connected devices integrating into our everyday lives has no end in sight. As more devices and sensor networks are manufactured, security tends to be a low priority. However, the security of these devices is critical, and...

Social networks generate vast amounts of data that can reveal patterns of human behaviour, social attachment, and mental states. This paper explores advanced machine learning techniques to detect and model such patterns, focusing on community structu...