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Article

A High-Fidelity Artificial Urological System for the Quantitative Assessment of Endoscopic Skills

by
Do Yeon Kim
1,†,
Xiangzhou Tan
1,2,†,
Moonkwang Jeong
1,
Dandan Li
1,
Arkadiusz Miernik
3 and
Tian Qiu
1,*
1
Cyber Valley Group—Biomedical Microsystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
2
Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 411000, China
3
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040301
Submission received: 20 November 2022 / Revised: 7 December 2022 / Accepted: 13 December 2022 / Published: 16 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Challenges of Biomodels for Medical Applications)
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Abstract

Minimally-invasive surgery is rapidly growing and has become a standard approach for many operations. However, it requires intensive practice to achieve competency. The current training often relies on animal organ models or physical organ phantoms, which do not offer realistic surgical scenes or useful real-time feedback for surgeons to improve their skills. Furthermore, the objective quantitative assessment of endoscopic skills is also lacking. Here, we report a high-fidelity artificial urological system that allows realistic simulation of endourological procedures and offers a quantitative assessment of the surgical performance. The physical organ model was fabricated by 3D printing and two-step polymer molding with the use of human CT data. The system resembles the human upper urinary tract with a high-resolution anatomical shape and vascular patterns. During surgical simulation, endoscopic videos are acquired and analyzed to quantitatively evaluate performance skills by a customized computer algorithm. Experimental results show significant differences in the performance between professional surgeons and trainees. The surgical simulator offers a unique chance to train endourological procedures in a realistic and safe environment, and it may also lead to a quantitative standard to evaluate endoscopic skills.
Keywords: additive manufacturing; organ phantoms; surgical simulation; endoscopy; data sensing in bio-models additive manufacturing; organ phantoms; surgical simulation; endoscopy; data sensing in bio-models

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kim, D.Y.; Tan, X.; Jeong, M.; Li, D.; Miernik, A.; Qiu, T. A High-Fidelity Artificial Urological System for the Quantitative Assessment of Endoscopic Skills. J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13, 301. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040301

AMA Style

Kim DY, Tan X, Jeong M, Li D, Miernik A, Qiu T. A High-Fidelity Artificial Urological System for the Quantitative Assessment of Endoscopic Skills. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2022; 13(4):301. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040301

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kim, Do Yeon, Xiangzhou Tan, Moonkwang Jeong, Dandan Li, Arkadiusz Miernik, and Tian Qiu. 2022. "A High-Fidelity Artificial Urological System for the Quantitative Assessment of Endoscopic Skills" Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 4: 301. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040301

APA Style

Kim, D. Y., Tan, X., Jeong, M., Li, D., Miernik, A., & Qiu, T. (2022). A High-Fidelity Artificial Urological System for the Quantitative Assessment of Endoscopic Skills. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 13(4), 301. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040301

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