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Volume 9
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10.3390/antibiotics9120852
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Article

Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model

by
Suzan Mohammed Ragheb
1,†,
Mahmoud Mohamed Tawfick
2,3,*,†,
Amani Ali El-Kholy
4 and
Abeer Khairy Abdulall
5,*
1
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
2
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
3
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
4
Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
5
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Antibiotics 2020, 9(12), 852; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120852
Submission received: 25 October 2020 / Revised: 17 November 2020 / Accepted: 25 November 2020 / Published: 28 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales)
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Abstract

This study aimed at the characterization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates focusing on typing of the blaOXA-48-like genes. Additionally, the correlation between the resistance pattern and biofilm formation capacity of the carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates was studied. The collected isolates were assessed for their antimicrobial resistance and carbapenemases production by a modified Hodge test and inhibitor-based tests. The carbapenemases encoding genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaOXA-48-like) were detected by PCR. Isolates harboring blaOXA-48-like genes were genotyped by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) and plasmid profile analysis. The discriminatory power of the three typing methods (antibiogram, ERIC-PCR, and plasmid profile analysis) was compared by calculation of Simpson’s Diversity Index (SDI). The transferability of blaOXA-48 gene was tested by chemical transformation. The biofilm formation capacity and the prevalence of the genes encoding the fimbrial adhesins (fimH-1 and mrkD) were investigated. The isolates showed remarkable resistance to β-lactams and non-β-lactams antimicrobials. The coexistence of the investigated carbapenemases encoding genes was prevalent except for only 15 isolates. The plasmid profile analysis had the highest discriminatory power (SDI = 0.98) in comparison with ERIC-PCR (SDI = 0.89) and antibiogram (SDI = 0.78). The transferability of blaOXA-48 gene was unsuccessful. All isolates were biofilm formers with the absence of a significant correlation between the biofilm formation capacity and resistance profile. The genes fimH-1 and mrkD were prevalent among the isolates. The prevalence of carbapenemases encoding genes, especially blaOXA-48-like genes in Egyptian healthcare settings, is worrisome and necessitates further strict dissemination control measures.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenemases; blaOXA-48; ERIC-PCR; plasmid profile analysis; biofilm formation Klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenemases; blaOXA-48; ERIC-PCR; plasmid profile analysis; biofilm formation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ragheb, S.M.; Tawfick, M.M.; El-Kholy, A.A.; Abdulall, A.K. Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 852. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120852

AMA Style

Ragheb SM, Tawfick MM, El-Kholy AA, Abdulall AK. Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model. Antibiotics. 2020; 9(12):852. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120852

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ragheb, Suzan Mohammed, Mahmoud Mohamed Tawfick, Amani Ali El-Kholy, and Abeer Khairy Abdulall. 2020. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model" Antibiotics 9, no. 12: 852. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120852

APA Style

Ragheb, S. M., Tawfick, M. M., El-Kholy, A. A., & Abdulall, A. K. (2020). Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model. Antibiotics, 9(12), 852. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120852

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