Corrosion Behavior of Alloyed Cast Iron in Ethylene Glycol-Based Engine Coolants at Elevated Temperature
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Corrosion Testing
3. Results
3.1. Potentiodynamic Polarization
3.2. Potentiostatic Polarization
3.3. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
3.4. Surface Analysis of Corrosion Coupons
3.4.1. SEM Analysis of the Constant Immersion Coupons
3.4.2. FTIR and Zygo Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Evolution of Corrosion Behavior
4.2. Inhibition Mechanism
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nominal Chemistry | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cr + Mo + Cu + Ni | Nb + Ti + V | Carbon Equivalent (C.E.) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight % | 3.0–3.5 | 1.5–2.5 | Max. 1.0 | Max. 0.20 | Max. 0.15 | Max. 2.5 | Max. 0.025 | Max. 4.25 |
UTS (MPa) | Min. 295 |
Chemical Name | Abbreviation | Chemical Formula | Structural Notification |
---|---|---|---|
Sebacate | SA | C10H16O4−2 | |
2-Ethylhexanoate | 2-EH | C8H15O2−1 | |
Tolyltriazole | TTA | C7H7N3 | |
Title | Exposure Time | Ecorr mV vs. Ag/AgCl | icorr µA/cm2 | Ebreakdown mV vs. Ag/AgCl |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 ppm Cl− | Day 1 | −75.6 | 3.2 | 831.9 |
Day 7 | −101.9 | 1.7 | 782.7 | |
Day 28 | −84.9 | 3.6 | 730.0 | |
100 ppm Cl− | Day 1 | −72.2 | 4.4 | 854.8 |
Day 7 | −72.2 | 1.6 | 798.8 | |
Day 28 | 3.40 | 5.5 | 844.7 | |
200 ppm Cl− | Day 1 | −114.6 | 2.2 | 830.2 |
Day 7 | −65.4 | 3.6 | 878.3 | |
Day 28 | −200.1 | 2.9 | 875.4 | |
500 ppm Cl− | Day 1 | −91.7 | 4.1 | 818.3 |
Day 7 | −52.6 | 4.7 | 703.7 | |
Day 28 | −180.4 | 3.0 | 870.6 |
Exposure Time | Cl– Concentration (ppm) | Charge Transfer Resistance Rct (Ω·cm2) | Constant Phase Element CPEdl-T (F cm−2 s−n) | Constant Phase Element CPEdl-P (n) | Double Layer CaPacitance Cdl (F·cm−2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | 0 | 208,930 | 1.60 × 10−4 | 0.86 | 2.83 × 10−4 |
100 | 4,653,000 | 4.0 × 10−5 | 0.89 | 7.6 × 10−5 | |
200 | 1,115,300 | 9.27 × 10−5 | 0.88 | 1.74 × 10−4 | |
500 | 41,063 | 2.2 × 10−4 | 0.85 | 3.24 × 10−4 | |
Day 7 | 0 | 233,510 | 1.60 × 10−4 | 0.9 | 2.39 × 10−4 |
100 | 711,730 | 1.0 × 10−4 | 0.91 | 1.52 × 10−4 | |
200 | 27,254 | 3.4 × 10−4 | 0.84 | 5.2 × 10−4 | |
500 | 4495 | 4.0 × 10−4 | 0.87 | 4.37 × 10−4 | |
Day 28 | 0 | 323,350 | 2.2 × 10−4 | 0.75 | 9.12 × 10−4 |
100 | 163,250 | 1.60 × 10−4 | 0.86 | 2.72 × 10−4 | |
200 | 4078 | 1.0 × 10−3 | 0.78 | 1.49 × 10−3 | |
500 | 3466 | 1.2 × 10−3 | 0.78 | 1.79 × 10−3 |
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Argade, G.; Chilukuri, A.; Perry, J.; Viers, M.; Steenhoek, J.; Debusk, J.; Wang, C.; Trobaugh, C. Corrosion Behavior of Alloyed Cast Iron in Ethylene Glycol-Based Engine Coolants at Elevated Temperature. Coatings 2021, 11, 357. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030357
Argade G, Chilukuri A, Perry J, Viers M, Steenhoek J, Debusk J, Wang C, Trobaugh C. Corrosion Behavior of Alloyed Cast Iron in Ethylene Glycol-Based Engine Coolants at Elevated Temperature. Coatings. 2021; 11(3):357. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030357
Chicago/Turabian StyleArgade, Gaurav, Anusha Chilukuri, Justin Perry, Monica Viers, Jacob Steenhoek, Jacob Debusk, Chinpei Wang, and Corey Trobaugh. 2021. "Corrosion Behavior of Alloyed Cast Iron in Ethylene Glycol-Based Engine Coolants at Elevated Temperature" Coatings 11, no. 3: 357. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030357