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Volume 12
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10.3390/electronics12030740
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Article

A New Noise Shaping Approach for Sigma-Delta Modulators Using Two-Stage Feed-Forward Delays and Hybrid MASH-EFM

by
Khalid Ijaz
1,
Muhammad Adnan
2,
Waqas Tariq Toor
3,
Muhammad Asim Butt
1,
Muhammad Idrees
4,
Usman Ali
5,
Izaz Hassan
6,
Yazeed Yasin Ghadi
7,
Fuad A. Awwad
8,
Mohamed R. Abonazel
9,* and
Syed Rehan Ashraf
10
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
2
Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
4
Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
5
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 03063, Republic of Korea
6
Department of Software Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Bannu 28100, Pakistan
7
Department of Computer Science, Al-Ain University, Al Ain P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates
8
Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, Riyadh 11587, Saudi Arabia
9
Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
10
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2023, 12(3), 740; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030740
Submission received: 20 December 2022 / Revised: 16 January 2023 / Accepted: 28 January 2023 / Published: 1 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Learning and Its Applications in Image Reconstruction)
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Abstract

Sigma-delta modulators use a noise-shaping technique to curtail the noise power in the band of interest during digital-to-analog conversion. Error feedback modulator employs an efficient noise transfer function for time varying inputs than any other sigma-delta modulators. However, the efficiency of the conventional noise transfer function degrades and the quantizer saturation issue provokes when the input signal reaches to full scale. This work proposes a new noise transfer function which is a combination of transfer functions of two-stage Feed-forward delays and a novel Hybrid multi-stage noise shaping-error feedback sigma-delta modulator. The noise transfer function of two-stage Feed-forward delays mitigates the concern of quantizer saturation. The noise transfer function offered by the Hybrid multi-stage noise shaping-error feedback architecture provides sustainable solutions to limit cycles and idle tones. The simulation concludes that the proposed noise-shaping approach obtains comparatively high signal-to-quantization noise ratio than the conventional error feedback modulators. Other performance parameters like spurious-free dynamic range, effective number of bits and signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio are also significantly improved.
Keywords: sigma-delta modulation; digital-to-analog converter; noise shaping; quantization error feedback modulator sigma-delta modulation; digital-to-analog converter; noise shaping; quantization error feedback modulator

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ijaz, K.; Adnan, M.; Toor, W.T.; Butt, M.A.; Idrees, M.; Ali, U.; Hassan, I.; Ghadi, Y.Y.; Awwad, F.A.; Abonazel, M.R.; et al. A New Noise Shaping Approach for Sigma-Delta Modulators Using Two-Stage Feed-Forward Delays and Hybrid MASH-EFM. Electronics 2023, 12, 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030740

AMA Style

Ijaz K, Adnan M, Toor WT, Butt MA, Idrees M, Ali U, Hassan I, Ghadi YY, Awwad FA, Abonazel MR, et al. A New Noise Shaping Approach for Sigma-Delta Modulators Using Two-Stage Feed-Forward Delays and Hybrid MASH-EFM. Electronics. 2023; 12(3):740. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030740

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ijaz, Khalid, Muhammad Adnan, Waqas Tariq Toor, Muhammad Asim Butt, Muhammad Idrees, Usman Ali, Izaz Hassan, Yazeed Yasin Ghadi, Fuad A. Awwad, Mohamed R. Abonazel, and et al. 2023. "A New Noise Shaping Approach for Sigma-Delta Modulators Using Two-Stage Feed-Forward Delays and Hybrid MASH-EFM" Electronics 12, no. 3: 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030740

APA Style

Ijaz, K., Adnan, M., Toor, W. T., Butt, M. A., Idrees, M., Ali, U., Hassan, I., Ghadi, Y. Y., Awwad, F. A., Abonazel, M. R., & Ashraf, S. R. (2023). A New Noise Shaping Approach for Sigma-Delta Modulators Using Two-Stage Feed-Forward Delays and Hybrid MASH-EFM. Electronics, 12(3), 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030740

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