Sampling Method Affects HR-MAS NMR Spectra of Healthy Caprine Brain Biopsies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Metabolic Profiles of In Vivo and Postmortem Samples of the Brainstem and Thalamus with Regard to the Individual Animal
2.2. Metabolic Profiles of In Vivo and Postmortem Samples with Regard to the Brain Region (Brainstem and Thalamus)
2.3. Metabolic Profiles of the Brainstem and Thalamus with Regard to the Sampling Method (In Vivo and Postmortem)
3. Discussion
3.1. Regional Differences in the Metabolic Profile
3.2. Increased Lactate as a Sign for the Switch of Energy Metabolism to Anaerobic Glycolysis
3.3. Creatine as a Marker of Impaired Brain Energy Homeostasis
3.4. Increase of Acetate and ƴ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) May Reflect the Breakdown of Lipids and Myelin
3.5. Alterations in the Choline Group and Increased Concentrations of Inositol Sugars Suggest Membrane Damage
3.6. Limitations
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Brain Biopsies and Sampling Methods
4.2. 1H High-Resolution–Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR Spectroscopy
4.3. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Häni, A.; Diserens, G.; Oevermann, A.; Vermathen, P.; Precht, C. Sampling Method Affects HR-MAS NMR Spectra of Healthy Caprine Brain Biopsies. Metabolites 2021, 11, 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11010038
Häni A, Diserens G, Oevermann A, Vermathen P, Precht C. Sampling Method Affects HR-MAS NMR Spectra of Healthy Caprine Brain Biopsies. Metabolites. 2021; 11(1):38. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11010038
Chicago/Turabian StyleHäni, Annakatrin, Gaëlle Diserens, Anna Oevermann, Peter Vermathen, and Christina Precht. 2021. "Sampling Method Affects HR-MAS NMR Spectra of Healthy Caprine Brain Biopsies" Metabolites 11, no. 1: 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11010038