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Metabolites
Volume 14
Issue 8
10.3390/metabo14080431
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Article

Evaluation of Unsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Liver and Kidney Mitochondrial Function in Rats Fed a High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Diet

by
Marcela González-Montoya
1,*,
Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas
1,
Olin Torres-Isidro
1,
Claudia Isabel García-Berumen
1,
María Guadalupe Cuiniche-Méndez
1,
Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
1,
Julio Cesar Ontiveros-Rodríguez
2,
Hugo A. García-Gutiérrez
1,
Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés
3 and
Christian Cortés-Rojo
1,*
1
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mich., Mexico
2
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías-Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mich., Mexico
3
Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58020, Mich., Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metabolites 2024, 14(8), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080431 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 3 July 2024 / Revised: 30 July 2024 / Accepted: 2 August 2024 / Published: 4 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondrial Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Hypertension, Diabetes and Related Complications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

High-fat and high-carbohydrate (HF-HC) diets induce metabolic syndrome via mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. We have previously shown that this may be prevented by avocado oil, a source of bioactive molecules with antioxidant properties. However, it is unknown if these effects are mediated by the unsaponifiable fraction of avocado oil (UFAO). Thus, we tested if this fraction improves glucose metabolism, bioenergetics and oxidative stress in mitochondria from the kidney and liver of rats fed an HF-HC diet. We found that 12 weeks of an HF-HC diet impaired glucose utilization and increased insulin resistance, which was prevented by UFAO administration. The HF-HC diet decreased respiration, membrane potential and electron transport chain (ETC) function in liver and kidney mitochondria. These mitochondrial dysfunctions were prevented by UFAO intake. Unexpectedly, UFAO increased ROS levels in the mitochondria of control animals and did not decrease them in rats with an HF-HC diet; however, UFAO protects liver and kidney mitochondria from iron-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that impairments in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function by an HF-HC diet may be prevented by UFAO, without decreasing ROS generation but protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage.
Keywords: avocado oil; unsaponifiable fraction; high-fat diet; high-carbohydrate diet; metabolic syndrome; mitochondria avocado oil; unsaponifiable fraction; high-fat diet; high-carbohydrate diet; metabolic syndrome; mitochondria

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MDPI and ACS Style

González-Montoya, M.; Vargas-Vargas, M.A.; Torres-Isidro, O.; García-Berumen, C.I.; Cuiniche-Méndez, M.G.; Saavedra-Molina, A.; Ontiveros-Rodríguez, J.C.; García-Gutiérrez, H.A.; Calderón-Cortés, E.; Cortés-Rojo, C. Evaluation of Unsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Liver and Kidney Mitochondrial Function in Rats Fed a High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Diet. Metabolites 2024, 14, 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080431

AMA Style

González-Montoya M, Vargas-Vargas MA, Torres-Isidro O, García-Berumen CI, Cuiniche-Méndez MG, Saavedra-Molina A, Ontiveros-Rodríguez JC, García-Gutiérrez HA, Calderón-Cortés E, Cortés-Rojo C. Evaluation of Unsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Liver and Kidney Mitochondrial Function in Rats Fed a High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Diet. Metabolites. 2024; 14(8):431. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080431

Chicago/Turabian Style

González-Montoya, Marcela, Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas, Olin Torres-Isidro, Claudia Isabel García-Berumen, María Guadalupe Cuiniche-Méndez, Alfredo Saavedra-Molina, Julio Cesar Ontiveros-Rodríguez, Hugo A. García-Gutiérrez, Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés, and Christian Cortés-Rojo. 2024. "Evaluation of Unsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Liver and Kidney Mitochondrial Function in Rats Fed a High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Diet" Metabolites 14, no. 8: 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080431

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