The Impact of Coronal Mass Ejections on the Seasonal Variation of the Ionospheric Critical Frequency f0F2
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data Sources
3. Methodology
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Monthly Variation
4.2. Seasonal Variation
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Code | Name | Latitude | Longitude |
---|---|---|---|
PRJ18 | Puerto Rico | 18.5° | −67.2° |
The Seasons | The Period | ||
---|---|---|---|
Northern Hemisphere | Southern Hemisphere | Start | End |
Winter | Summer | 1 December | 28 February |
Spring | Autumn | 1 March | 31 May |
Summer | Winter | 1 June | 31 August |
Autumn | Spring | 1 September | 30 November |
Seasons | Max CME Energy | Average CME Energy | CME Width | CME Speed | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | χ2 | R | χ2 | R | χ2 | R | χ2 | |
Winter | 0.67 | 33.244 | 0.64 | 36.431 | 0.61 | 38.765 | 0.65 | 35.593 |
Spring | 0.75 | 52.89 | 0.59 | 79.476 | 0.68 | 64.845 | 0.72 | 58.644 |
Summer | 0.82 | 31.656 | 0.76 | 41.242 | 0.69 | 51.213 | 0.64 | 57.484 |
Autumn | 0.80 | 21.987 | 0.35 | 55.283 | 0.62 | 38.906 | 0.46 | 49.43 |
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Farid, H.M.; Mawad, R.; Ghamry, E.; Yoshikawa, A. The Impact of Coronal Mass Ejections on the Seasonal Variation of the Ionospheric Critical Frequency f0F2. Universe 2020, 6, 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6110200
Farid HM, Mawad R, Ghamry E, Yoshikawa A. The Impact of Coronal Mass Ejections on the Seasonal Variation of the Ionospheric Critical Frequency f0F2. Universe. 2020; 6(11):200. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6110200
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarid, Hussein M., Ramy Mawad, Essam Ghamry, and Akimasa Yoshikawa. 2020. "The Impact of Coronal Mass Ejections on the Seasonal Variation of the Ionospheric Critical Frequency f0F2" Universe 6, no. 11: 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6110200