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Biomolecules
Volume 11
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10.3390/biom11060913
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Review

Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer

by
Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
1,
Ana López-Saavedra
1,
Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
1,
Antonio Pérez-Pérez
1,
Jesús Castiñeiras
2,
Juan A. Virizuela-Echaburu
3,
Luis de la de la Cruz-Merino
3 and
Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
1,*
1
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
2
Urology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
3
Medical Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomolecules 2021, 11(6), 913; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060913
Submission received: 17 May 2021 / Revised: 4 June 2021 / Accepted: 12 June 2021 / Published: 20 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leptin and Beyond: Actors in Cancer)
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Abstract

Leptin is an important regulator of basal metabolism and food intake, with a pivotal role in obesity. Leptin exerts many different actions on various tissues and systems, including cancer, and is considered as a linkage between metabolism and the immune system. During the last decades, obesity and leptin have been associated with the initiation, proliferation and progression of many types of cancer. Obesity is also linked with complications and mortality, irrespective of the therapy used, affecting clinical outcomes. However, some evidence has suggested its beneficial role, called the “obesity paradox”, and the possible antitumoral role of leptin. Recent data regarding the immunotherapy of cancer have revealed that overweight leads to a more effective response and leptin may probably be involved in this beneficial process. Since leptin is a positive modulator of both the innate and the adaptive immune system, it may contribute to the increased immune response stimulated by immunotherapy in cancer patients and may be proposed as a good actor in cancer. Our purpose is to review this dual role of leptin in cancer, as well as trying to clarify the future perspectives of this adipokine, which further highlights its importance as a cornerstone of the immunometabolism in oncology.
Keywords: leptin; obesity; inflammation; cancer; immune system; immunotherapy leptin; obesity; inflammation; cancer; immune system; immunotherapy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jiménez-Cortegana, C.; López-Saavedra, A.; Sánchez-Jiménez, F.; Pérez-Pérez, A.; Castiñeiras, J.; Virizuela-Echaburu, J.A.; de la Cruz-Merino, L.d.l.; Sánchez-Margalet, V. Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060913

AMA Style

Jiménez-Cortegana C, López-Saavedra A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Pérez-Pérez A, Castiñeiras J, Virizuela-Echaburu JA, de la Cruz-Merino Ldl, Sánchez-Margalet V. Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer. Biomolecules. 2021; 11(6):913. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060913

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiménez-Cortegana, Carlos, Ana López-Saavedra, Flora Sánchez-Jiménez, Antonio Pérez-Pérez, Jesús Castiñeiras, Juan A. Virizuela-Echaburu, Luis de la de la Cruz-Merino, and Víctor Sánchez-Margalet. 2021. "Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer" Biomolecules 11, no. 6: 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060913

APA Style

Jiménez-Cortegana, C., López-Saavedra, A., Sánchez-Jiménez, F., Pérez-Pérez, A., Castiñeiras, J., Virizuela-Echaburu, J. A., de la Cruz-Merino, L. d. l., & Sánchez-Margalet, V. (2021). Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer. Biomolecules, 11(6), 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060913

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