Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Selection and Processing
2.2. IHC Intensity Scoring
2.3. Digital Image Analysis
2.4. Comparison between Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Digital Image Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Actual Class 1 | 21 (FN) | 441 (TP) |
Actual Class 0 | 388 (TN) | 57 (FP) |
Predicted Class 0 | Predicted Class 1 |
(A) | |||||||
CNT | Cohen’s kappa values | ||||||
Strength of agreement | Observers | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | Pathronus |
#1 | 0.091 | 0.103 | 0.6 | 0.048 | −0.01 | ||
#2 | poor | 0.301 | 0.195 | 0.008 | −0.012 | ||
#3 | poor | fair | 0.169 | −0.023 | −0.009 | ||
#4 | moderate | poor | poor | −0.004 | −0.034 | ||
#5 | poor | poor | poor | poor | 0.262 | ||
Pathronus | poor | poor | poor | poor | fair |
(B) | |||||||
DLB | Cohen’s kappa values | ||||||
Strength of agreement | Observers | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | Pathronus |
#1 | 0.063 | 0.138 | 0.516 | 0.226 | 0.177 | ||
#2 | poor | 0.316 | 0.141 | 0.087 | 0.048 | ||
#3 | poor | fair | 0.114 | 0.143 | −0.022 | ||
#4 | moderate | poor | poor | 0.286 | 0.196 | ||
#5 | fair | poor | poor | fair | 0.270 | ||
Pathronus | poor | poor | poor | poor | fair |
(C) | |||||||
AD | Cohen’s kappa values | ||||||
Strength of agreement | Observers | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | Pathronus |
#1 | 0.204 | 0.179 | 0.457 | 0.034 | 0.195 | ||
#2 | poor | 0.297 | 0.285 | 0.118 | 0.232 | ||
#3 | poor | fair | 0.178 | 0.180 | 0.062 | ||
#4 | moderate | fair | poor | 0.260 | 0.214 | ||
#5 | poor | poor | poor | fair | 0.116 | ||
Pathronus | poor | fair | poor | fair | poor |
(D) | |||
CNT | DLB | AD | |
Fleiss’ kappa | 0.091 | 0.176 | 0.183 |
p-value | <0.005 | <0.005 | <0.005 |
Agreement | poor | poor | poor |
Observers | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | Pathronus Converted | Pathronus Original | Reference Data |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Strength of immunopositivity among groups | CNT > DLB > AD | CNT > DLB > AD | CNT > DLB > AD | CNT > DLB > AD | DLB > CNT > AD | CNT > DLB > AD | CNT > DLB > AD | CNT > DLB > AD |
Statistical significance (p < 0.05) | CNT vs. DLB CNT vs. AD DLB vs. AD | CNT vs. AD | CNT vs. AD | CNT vs. DLB CNT vs. AD DLB vs. AD | - | CNT vs. AD DLB vs. AD | CNT vs. AD DLB vs. AD | CNT vs. AD DLB vs. AD |
Digital Image Analysis | Semi-Quantitative Scoring | |
---|---|---|
Expensive | Cost | Cheap |
Fast | Speed | Slow |
Not required (except training period) | Histological experiment | Required |
Objective (with standard settings) | Objectivity | Subjective |
Based on software and settings | Inter-rater variability | Considerable |
Not applicable | Intra-rater variability | Notable |
Yes (except DAB labelling) | Quantification | Not applicable |
Automatic (after training period) | Operation | Manual |
Large | Data volume | Limited |
IT background, slide scanner | Equipment | Light microscope |
New era | Research purposes | Gold standard |
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Bencze, J.; Szarka, M.; Kóti, B.; Seo, W.; Hortobágyi, T.G.; Bencs, V.; Módis, L.V.; Hortobágyi, T. Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry. Biomolecules 2022, 12, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010019
Bencze J, Szarka M, Kóti B, Seo W, Hortobágyi TG, Bencs V, Módis LV, Hortobágyi T. Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry. Biomolecules. 2022; 12(1):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010019
Chicago/Turabian StyleBencze, János, Máté Szarka, Balázs Kóti, Woosung Seo, Tibor G. Hortobágyi, Viktor Bencs, László V. Módis, and Tibor Hortobágyi. 2022. "Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry" Biomolecules 12, no. 1: 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010019
APA StyleBencze, J., Szarka, M., Kóti, B., Seo, W., Hortobágyi, T. G., Bencs, V., Módis, L. V., & Hortobágyi, T. (2022). Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry. Biomolecules, 12(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010019