Chitosan Film as Eco-Friendly and Recyclable Bio-Adsorbent to Remove/Recover Diclofenac, Ketoprofen, and Their Mixture from Wastewater
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effect of Adsorbent Dosage and DCF Concentration
2.2. Effect of pH
2.3. FTIR-ATR Measurements
2.4. Effect of Salts in DCF Solutions
2.5. Consecutive Cycles of Adsorption
2.6. Thermodynamic Analysis
2.7. Isotherms of Adsorption
2.8. Kinetic Analysis
2.9. Release of DCF and Reuse of The Adsorbent
2.10. Preliminary in Flux Measurements
2.11. Photodegradation of DCF
2.12. Preliminary Experiments about the Removal of Ketoprofen, Diclofenac, and Their Mixture
2.13. Comparison with Other Adsorbents
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Chemicals
3.2. Preparation of Chitosan Films
3.3. In Batch Equilibrium Experiments
3.4. In Batch Desorption Experiments
3.5. In Flow Adsorption/Desorption Experiments
3.6. Determination of Chitosan Film Zero-Point Charge
3.7. Photodegradation of DCF
3.8. UV-Visible Measurements
3.9. FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy Measurements
3.10. Swelling Ratio Measurements of Chitosan Film with and without DCF
3.11. Thermodynamic Studies
3.12. Adsorption Isotherms
3.13. Adsorption Kinetics
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rizzi, V.; Romanazzi, F.; Gubitosa, J.; Fini, P.; Romita, R.; Agostiano, A.; Petrella, A.; Cosma, P. Chitosan Film as Eco-Friendly and Recyclable Bio-Adsorbent to Remove/Recover Diclofenac, Ketoprofen, and Their Mixture from Wastewater. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 571. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100571
Rizzi V, Romanazzi F, Gubitosa J, Fini P, Romita R, Agostiano A, Petrella A, Cosma P. Chitosan Film as Eco-Friendly and Recyclable Bio-Adsorbent to Remove/Recover Diclofenac, Ketoprofen, and Their Mixture from Wastewater. Biomolecules. 2019; 9(10):571. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100571
Chicago/Turabian StyleRizzi, Vito, Fabio Romanazzi, Jennifer Gubitosa, Paola Fini, Roberto Romita, Angela Agostiano, Andrea Petrella, and Pinalysa Cosma. 2019. "Chitosan Film as Eco-Friendly and Recyclable Bio-Adsorbent to Remove/Recover Diclofenac, Ketoprofen, and Their Mixture from Wastewater" Biomolecules 9, no. 10: 571. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100571