A Comparative Study on Photo-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of Different Kadsura coccinea Extracts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of KC Extracts
2.2. Total Polyphenolic and Flavonoid Contents of KC Extracts
2.3. DPPH and ABTS Assay
2.4. Cell Culture
2.5. UVA and UVB Irradiation
2.6. Measurement of Cell Viability and Cytotoxicity through CCK-8 and LDH Analysis
2.7. Evaluation of Intracellular ROS Production in Keratinocytes
2.8. Analysis of Apoptosis
2.9. Analysis of Intracellular Melanin Content and Tyrosinase Activity
2.10. Quantitative Real-Time PCR
2.11. Western Blotting
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Comparison of Antioxidant Properties of Several Partial Extracts of KC
3.2. Comparison of Viable and Damaged Keratinocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence of UVA, UVB, or Non-Irradiation
3.3. Comparison of Intracellular ROS Production in Keratinocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence or Absence of UVA and UVB Irradiation
3.4. Comparison of Apoptosis of Keratinocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence or Absence of UVA and UVB Irradiation
3.5. Comparison of Intracellular Melanin Content and Tyrosinase Activity of Melanocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence or Absence of α-MSH Treatment
3.6. Comparison of Transcription and Translation Levels of Tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 in Melanocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence or Absence of α-MSH Treatment
3.7. Comparison of MITF Expression and CREB Phosphorylation of Melanocytes Treated with Several Partial Extracts of KC in the Presence or Absence of α-MSH Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jeon, J.S.; Kang, H.M.; Park, J.H.; Kang, J.S.; Lee, Y.J.; Park, Y.H.; Je, B.I.; Park, S.Y.; Choi, Y.W. A Comparative Study on Photo-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of Different Kadsura coccinea Extracts. Plants 2021, 10, 1633. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081633
Jeon JS, Kang HM, Park JH, Kang JS, Lee YJ, Park YH, Je BI, Park SY, Choi YW. A Comparative Study on Photo-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of Different Kadsura coccinea Extracts. Plants. 2021; 10(8):1633. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081633
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeon, Joong Suk, He Mi Kang, Ju Ha Park, Jum Soon Kang, Yong Jae Lee, Young Hoon Park, Byoung Il Je, Sun Young Park, and Young Whan Choi. 2021. "A Comparative Study on Photo-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of Different Kadsura coccinea Extracts" Plants 10, no. 8: 1633. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081633