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Volume 11
Issue 22
10.3390/plants11223158
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Review

Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance

by
Aida Shomali
1,
Susmita Das
2,
Namira Arif
3,4,
Mohammad Sarraf
5,
Noreen Zahra
6,
Vaishali Yadav
7,
Sasan Aliniaeifard
1,*,
Devendra Kumar Chauhan
3 and
Mirza Hasanuzzaman
8,*
1
Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
2
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
3
D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
4
Faculty of Environmental Studies, Dehli School of Journalism, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
5
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-43311, Iran
6
Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
7
Department of Botany, Multanimal Modi College Modinagar, Ghaziabad 201204, India
8
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(22), 3158; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223158
Submission received: 22 October 2022 / Revised: 10 November 2022 / Accepted: 14 November 2022 / Published: 18 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress)
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Abstract

Flavonoids are characterized as the low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds universally distributed in planta. They are a chemically varied group of secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activity. The increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the various physiological functions of flavonoids in stress response. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to flavonoids’ biochemistry and biosynthesis. Then, we review the recent findings on the alternation of flavonoid content under different stress conditions to come up with an overall picture of the mechanism of involvement of flavonoids in plants’ response to various abiotic stresses. The participation of flavonoids in antioxidant systems, flavonoid-mediated response to different abiotic stresses, the involvement of flavonoids in stress signaling networks, and the physiological response of plants under stress conditions are discussed in this review. Moreover, molecular and genetic approaches to tailoring flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation under abiotic stress are addressed in this review.
Keywords: environmental stress; phenolics; photosynthesis apparatus; reactive oxygen species; secondary metabolites environmental stress; phenolics; photosynthesis apparatus; reactive oxygen species; secondary metabolites

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shomali, A.; Das, S.; Arif, N.; Sarraf, M.; Zahra, N.; Yadav, V.; Aliniaeifard, S.; Chauhan, D.K.; Hasanuzzaman, M. Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. Plants 2022, 11, 3158. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223158

AMA Style

Shomali A, Das S, Arif N, Sarraf M, Zahra N, Yadav V, Aliniaeifard S, Chauhan DK, Hasanuzzaman M. Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. Plants. 2022; 11(22):3158. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223158

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shomali, Aida, Susmita Das, Namira Arif, Mohammad Sarraf, Noreen Zahra, Vaishali Yadav, Sasan Aliniaeifard, Devendra Kumar Chauhan, and Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2022. "Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance" Plants 11, no. 22: 3158. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223158

APA Style

Shomali, A., Das, S., Arif, N., Sarraf, M., Zahra, N., Yadav, V., Aliniaeifard, S., Chauhan, D. K., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2022). Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. Plants, 11(22), 3158. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223158

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