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Volume 11
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10.3390/plants11233378
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Article

Steroidal Saponins with Plant Growth Stimulation Effects; Yucca schidigera as a Commercial Source

by
Alexandra G. Durán
1,
Juan M. Calle
1,
Davinia Butrón
1,
Andy J. Pérez
2,
Francisco A. Macías
1 and
Ana M. Simonet
1,*
1
Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cádiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
2
Departamento de Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(23), 3378; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233378
Submission received: 27 October 2022 / Revised: 25 November 2022 / Accepted: 1 December 2022 / Published: 5 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialized Metabolites of Plants—Evaluation of Functional and Biological Value)
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Abstract

Plant growth-stimulation bioactivity of triterpenoid saponins is well known, especially for oleanane-type compounds. Nevertheless, a few phytotoxicity bioassays performed on some steroidal saponins have shown hormesis profiles and growth stimulation on Lactuca sativa roots. The focus of the work described here was on the use of the wheat coleoptile bioassay to evaluate plant growth stimulation, and on the search for a commercially available source of active saponins by bio-guided fractionation strategy. Selected saponins were tested and a cluster analysis showed that those saponins with a sugar chain of more than five units had a hormesis profile, while saponins with growth enhancement had fewer sugar residues. Two saponins showed similar activity to the positive control, namely the phytohormone indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). As a potential source of these metabolites, a commercial extract of Yucca schidigera used as a fertilizer was selected. Bio-guided fractionation led to the identification of two fractions of defined composition and these showed stimulation values similar to the positive control. It was observed that the presence of a carbonyl group at C-12 on the aglycone skeleton led to improved activity. A saponin-rich fraction from Y. schidigera could be proposed to enhance crop quality and production.
Keywords: Agave; Yucca schidigera; steroidal saponin; plant growth stimulation; hormesis; wheat coleoptile bioassay; agameroside I Agave; Yucca schidigera; steroidal saponin; plant growth stimulation; hormesis; wheat coleoptile bioassay; agameroside I

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MDPI and ACS Style

Durán, A.G.; Calle, J.M.; Butrón, D.; Pérez, A.J.; Macías, F.A.; Simonet, A.M. Steroidal Saponins with Plant Growth Stimulation Effects; Yucca schidigera as a Commercial Source. Plants 2022, 11, 3378. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233378

AMA Style

Durán AG, Calle JM, Butrón D, Pérez AJ, Macías FA, Simonet AM. Steroidal Saponins with Plant Growth Stimulation Effects; Yucca schidigera as a Commercial Source. Plants. 2022; 11(23):3378. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233378

Chicago/Turabian Style

Durán, Alexandra G., Juan M. Calle, Davinia Butrón, Andy J. Pérez, Francisco A. Macías, and Ana M. Simonet. 2022. "Steroidal Saponins with Plant Growth Stimulation Effects; Yucca schidigera as a Commercial Source" Plants 11, no. 23: 3378. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233378

APA Style

Durán, A. G., Calle, J. M., Butrón, D., Pérez, A. J., Macías, F. A., & Simonet, A. M. (2022). Steroidal Saponins with Plant Growth Stimulation Effects; Yucca schidigera as a Commercial Source. Plants, 11(23), 3378. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233378

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