Dose-Dependent and Species-Specific Effects of Wood Distillate Addition on the Germination Performance of Threatened Arable Plants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Selected Plant Species
4.2. Wood Distillate
4.3. Seed Germination Assay
4.4. Germination Parameters
- I.
- Germination percentage (GP), calculated according to Czabator [61]:
- II.
- Mean germination time (MGT), calculated according to Ellis and Roberts [62]:
- III.
- Germination rate index (GRI), calculated according to Hossein et al. [63]:
- IV.
- Germination energy (GE), calculated according to Czabator [61]:
4.5. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bromus secalinus L. | |||||||||
Source of variation | GP | MGT | GRI | GE | |||||
df | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | |
WD addition | 5 | 2.33 | 94.33 *** | 1.53 | 26.73 *** | 2.64 | 58.65 *** | 0.92 | 125.4 *** |
Residuals | 24 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.01 | ||||
Centaurea cyanus L. | |||||||||
Source of variation | GP | MGT | GRI | GE | |||||
df | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | |
WD addition | 5 | 0.03 | 2.34 | 0.11 | 3.81 * | 0.34 | 4.47 ** | 0.02 | 2.20 |
Residuals | 24 | 0.01 | 0.69 | 0.08 | 0.01 | ||||
Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix | |||||||||
Source of variation | GP | MGT | GRI | GE | |||||
df | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | MS | F | |
WD addition | 5 | 2.96 | 188.6 *** | 5.29 | 405.1 *** | 4.71 | 200.7 *** | 2.26 | 447.2 *** |
Residuals | 24 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
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Fedeli, R.; Fiaschi, T.; Angiolini, C.; Maccherini, S.; Loppi, S.; Fanfarillo, E. Dose-Dependent and Species-Specific Effects of Wood Distillate Addition on the Germination Performance of Threatened Arable Plants. Plants 2023, 12, 3028. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173028
Fedeli R, Fiaschi T, Angiolini C, Maccherini S, Loppi S, Fanfarillo E. Dose-Dependent and Species-Specific Effects of Wood Distillate Addition on the Germination Performance of Threatened Arable Plants. Plants. 2023; 12(17):3028. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173028
Chicago/Turabian StyleFedeli, Riccardo, Tiberio Fiaschi, Claudia Angiolini, Simona Maccherini, Stefano Loppi, and Emanuele Fanfarillo. 2023. "Dose-Dependent and Species-Specific Effects of Wood Distillate Addition on the Germination Performance of Threatened Arable Plants" Plants 12, no. 17: 3028. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173028