Early Detection of Phenotypic Diversity of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Response to Temperature
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Germination
2.2. Initial Heterotrophic Growth
2.3. Dynamics of Heterotrophic Growth
2.4. Embryo Axes Final Lengths
2.5. Relative Elongation Rate
2.6. Relationships between Relative Elongation Rates and Germination Rates
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Germination Analysis
4.3. Heterotrophic Growth Measurement
4.4. Heterotrophic Growth Modelling and Calculations
4.5. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Component | Eigenvalue | Percentage of Variability | |
---|---|---|---|
Component | Cumulative | ||
1 | 14.288 | 59.5 | 59.5 |
2 | 3.099 | 12.9 | 72.4 |
3 | 2.882 | 12.0 | 84.4 |
4 | 1.744 | 7.3 | 91.7 |
Component | Eigenvalue | Percentage of Variability | |
---|---|---|---|
Component | Cumulative | ||
1 | 4.127 | 29.48 | 29.48 |
2 | 3.329 | 23.78 | 53.26 |
3 | 2.848 | 20.34 | 73.61 |
4 | 1.795 | 12.82 | 86.43 |
Accession | Taxon | Autumn Dormancy | Type | Collection Site | Latitude and Longitude | Altitude above Sea Level (m) | Mean Temperature Warmest Quarter (°C) | Mean Temperature Coldest Quarter (°C) | Precipitation Warmest Quarter (mm) | Precipitation Coldest Quarter (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flamande | M. sativa spp. sativa L. (4×) | 4 | Landrace | Calais, France | 50°57′04.64″ N, 1°51′31.27″ E | 27 | 16.6 | 3.3 | 181 | 154 |
Demnate3 | Idem | 9 | Landrace | Demnate, Marocco | 31°43′55.51″ N, 7°00′41.25″ W | 923 | 24.7 | 9.4 | 17 | 154 |
Harpe | Idem | 4 | Variety | |||||||
Luzelle | Idem | 3 | Variety | |||||||
Orca | Idem | 4.5 | Variety | |||||||
Barmed | Idem | 7 | Variety | |||||||
Krasnokutskaya | M. sativa spp. falcata (L.) Arcang 1 (4×) | Variety | Russia |
Temperature Treatment (°C) | Actual Temperature (°C) | Relative Humidity (%) | VPD (kPa) | Sampling Frequency (h) | Sampling Period (h) | Equivalent Growing Degree-Day |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 5.0 | 74 | 0.23 | 48 | 672 | 140 |
10 | 9.6 | 84 | 0.20 | 16 | 224 | 90 |
15 | 14.3 | 76 | 0.41 | 12 | 168 | 100 |
20 | 19.2 | 74 | 0.61 | 8 | 112 | 90 |
25 | 25.0 | 80 | 0.63 | 8 | 112 | 117 |
30 | 30.0 | 50 | 2.12 | 8 | 112 | 140 |
35 | 34.2 | 65 | 1.97 | 12 | 168 | 239 |
40 | 40.0 | 55–100 | 3.3–0.0 | 168 | 1344 | 2240 |
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Escobar-Gutiérrez, A.J.; Ahmed, L.Q. Early Detection of Phenotypic Diversity of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Response to Temperature. Plants 2023, 12, 3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183224
Escobar-Gutiérrez AJ, Ahmed LQ. Early Detection of Phenotypic Diversity of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Response to Temperature. Plants. 2023; 12(18):3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183224
Chicago/Turabian StyleEscobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J., and Lina Q. Ahmed. 2023. "Early Detection of Phenotypic Diversity of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Response to Temperature" Plants 12, no. 18: 3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183224