Allelopathic Substances of Osmanthus spp. for Developing Sustainable Agriculture
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Allelopathic Activity of the Leaves of O. fragrans, O. heterophyllus and O. × fortunei
2.2. Identification of Compound 1 and Its Activity
2.3. Concentration of (+)-Pinoresinol in the Leaves of O. × fortune, O. fragrans, and O. heterophyllus
2.4. Identification of Compound 2 and Its Activity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Extraction
4.3. Determination of Allelopathic Activity
4.4. Separation of O. × fortunei Extract
4.5. Separation of O. fragrans Extract
4.6. Allelopathic Activity of Isolated Compounds 1 and 2
4.7. Concentration of Compound 1 in the Leaves
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Osmanthus fragrans | Osmanthus × fortunei | Osmanthus heterophyllus | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypocotyl/ Coleoptile | Root | Hypocotyl/ Coleoptile | Root | Hypocotyl/ Coleoptile | Root | |
Cress | 63.8 ± 4.2 b | 63.7 ± 4.7 b | 24.8 ± 1.9 c | 36.5 ± 1.9 c | 41.7 ± 4.1 bc | 59.1 ± 4.7 b |
Alfalfa | 107 ± 8.1 a | 153 ± 9.7 a | 53.1 ± 4.2 bc | 68.5 ± 7.4 b | 76.5 ± 6.7 b | 114 ± 9.9 a |
Lolium multiflorum | 82.6 ± 4.9 ab | 30.4 ± 2.5 c | 21.5 ± 1.6 c | 12.4 ± 0.9 d | 29.5 ± 3.1 c | 13.8 ± 0.9 d |
Vulpia myuros | 25.9 ± 2.1 c | 8.8 ± 0.9 d | 21.4 ± 1.7 c | 11.5 ± 0.9 d | 36.8 ± 3.2 c | 13.8 ± 1.1 d |
Osmanthus fragrans | Osmanthus × fortunei | Osmanthus heterophyllus | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypocotyl | Root | Hypocotyl | Root | Hypocotyl | Root | |
Aqueous phase | 76.8 ± 7.5 a | 101 ± 9.8 a | 76.2 ± 4.3 a | 62.4 ± 4.8 a | 87.1 ± 4.0 a | 70.9 ± 4.6 b |
Ethyl acetate phase | 46.8 ± 4.4 b | 27.1 ± 2.7 b | 22.4 ± 3.6 b | 19.9 ± 3.9 b | 31.9 ± 3.7 b | 29.7 ± 2.9 b |
(+)-Pinoresinol | 10-Acetoxyligustroside | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Hypocotyl/ Coleoptile | Root | Hypocotyl/ Coleoptile | Root | |
Cress | 1.9 ± 0.2 a | 2.5 ± 0.3 b | 4.7 ± 0.3 b | 4.4 ± 0.3 a |
Lolium multiflorum | 2.1 ± 0.3 a | 0.7 ± 0.1 d | 3.1 ± 0.3 b | 2.2 ± 0.2 b |
Osmanthus × fortunei | (+)-Pinoresinol (mg/g) |
Mature leaf | 4.1 ± 0.5 a |
Fallen leaf | 2.1 ± 0.2 b |
Osmanthus fragrans | 0.22 ± 0.03 c |
Osmanthus heterophyllus | 0.12 ± 0.02 c |
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Kato-Noguchi, H.; Hamada, Y.; Kojima, M.; Kumagai, S.; Iwasaki, A.; Suenaga, K. Allelopathic Substances of Osmanthus spp. for Developing Sustainable Agriculture. Plants 2023, 12, 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020376
Kato-Noguchi H, Hamada Y, Kojima M, Kumagai S, Iwasaki A, Suenaga K. Allelopathic Substances of Osmanthus spp. for Developing Sustainable Agriculture. Plants. 2023; 12(2):376. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020376
Chicago/Turabian StyleKato-Noguchi, Hisashi, Yuri Hamada, Misuzu Kojima, Sanae Kumagai, Arihiro Iwasaki, and Kiyotake Suenaga. 2023. "Allelopathic Substances of Osmanthus spp. for Developing Sustainable Agriculture" Plants 12, no. 2: 376. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020376