Identification of the Maize LEA Gene Family and Its Relationship with Kernel Dehydration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Identification of ZmLEA Genes
2.2. Multiple Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Analysis
2.3. Characterization of the ZmLEA Proteins
2.4. Chromosome Localization and Homology Analysis
2.5. Analysis of Gene Structure, Conserved Motifs, and cis-Acting Elements
2.6. GO Annotation Analysis
2.7. Transcriptome and Proteome Data Collection and Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Identification of the Members of ZmLEA Family in Maize
3.2. Evolutionary Analysis of LEA Family Genes
3.3. Physicochemical Characterization of Maize ZmLEA Genes
3.4. Prediction Analysis of the Structure and Function of ZmLEAs
3.5. Expression and Protein Abundance in Two Maize Inbred Lines with Different Kernel Dehydration Rates
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Subfamily | Gene ID | Location | Amino Acid | MW (KD) | pI | GRAVY |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZmLEA1 | SMP | Zm00001eb004470 | chr1:12338113-12339599 | 291 | 28,407.97 | 4.51 | −0.209 |
ZmLEA2 | LEA_4 | Zm00001eb005250 | chr1:14547169-14548604 | 322 | 33,788.06 | 6.03 | −0.94 |
ZmLEA3 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb022900 | chr1:88936879-88937823 | 210 | 22,979.67 | 10.5 | 0.16 |
ZmLEA4 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb033830 | chr1:187537818-187539807 | 269 | 29,952.1 | 10.24 | 0.002 |
ZmLEA5 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb044970 | chr1:234172861-234174320 | 274 | 29,476.16 | 10.08 | −0.104 |
ZmLEA6 | SMP | Zm00001eb047600 | chr1:244450281-244451067 | 238 | 25,804.11 | 10.64 | −0.634 |
ZmLEA7 | SMP | Zm00001eb057120 | chr1:282509952-282511166 | 266 | 27,177.35 | 5.41 | −0.367 |
ZmLEA8 | SMP | Zm00001eb057130 | chr1:282541392-282542374 | 205 | 21,194.35 | 5.14 | −0.53 |
ZmLEA9 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb064120 | chr1:303982107-303985376 | 319 | 35,274.07 | 4.92 | −0.364 |
ZmLEA10 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb065640 | chr2:765492-766740 | 204 | 21,790.27 | 8.9 | 0.334 |
ZmLEA11 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb066210 | chr2:1899747-1900852 | 251 | 26,926.11 | 10.04 | −0.064 |
ZmLEA12 | LEA_4 | Zm00001eb071160 | chr2:11114272-11115597 | 305 | 32,277.8 | 8.39 | −0.887 |
ZmLEA13 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb083540 | chr2:57422886-57424204 | 225 | 24,069.76 | 7.67 | 0.313 |
ZmLEA14 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb106290 | chr2:210544418-210545275 | 203 | 22,724.01 | 9.1 | −0.179 |
ZmLEA15 | LEA_3 | Zm00001eb127770 | chr3:36494705-36495503 | 95 | 9519.67 | 10.36 | −0.001 |
ZmLEA16 | LEA_3 | Zm00001eb130570 | chr3:57423270-57423663 | 91 | 9677.27 | 9.96 | −0.21 |
ZmLEA17 | LEA_3 | Zm00001eb130580 | chr3:57516852-57517684 | 101 | 10,625.25 | 9.76 | −0.22 |
ZmLEA18 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb146910 | chr3:181095946-181096962 | 238 | 26,325.89 | 9.4 | −0.294 |
ZmLEA19 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb150110 | chr3:192024649-192026196 | 286 | 30,406.87 | 10.78 | −0.056 |
ZmLEA20 | LEA_4 | Zm00001eb155430 | chr3:210032549-210033863 | 231 | 23,542.86 | 8.96 | −0.763 |
ZmLEA21 | Dehydrin | Zm00001eb155620 | chr3:210644563-210645769 | 236 | 24,810.07 | 5.99 | −0.893 |
ZmLEA22 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb159430 | chr3:223080810-223081905 | 180 | 19,631.49 | 4.83 | −0.101 |
ZmLEA23 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb160190 | chr3:225307642-225308912 | 320 | 32,924.72 | 11.41 | −0.113 |
ZmLEA24 | Dehydrin | Zm00001eb187010 | chr4:159677441-159678859 | 289 | 31,466.47 | 5.51 | −1.3 |
ZmLEA25 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb198910 | chr4:202382893-202385634 | 213 | 23,251.76 | 9.23 | 0.162 |
ZmLEA26 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb211120 | chr5:1888452-1889419 | 217 | 23,291.75 | 7.95 | 0.226 |
ZmLEA27 | SMP | Zm00001eb213850 | chr5:5981874-5982721 | 219 | 22,350.03 | 4.86 | −0.255 |
ZmLEA28 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb221020 | chr5:26041536-26043597 | 265 | 28,327.98 | 10.26 | −0.019 |
ZmLEA29 | LEA_4 | Zm00001eb238300 | chr5:145131834-145134200 | 604 | 61,763.46 | 7.26 | −0.814 |
ZmLEA30 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb243040 | chr5:173362167-173363583 | 207 | 22,661.28 | 9.18 | 0.168 |
ZmLEA31 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb247790 | chr5:190986503-190988017 | 213 | 23,198.81 | 10.32 | 0.074 |
ZmLEA32 | Dehydrin | Zm00001eb250120 | chr5:198232923-198234455 | 290 | 31,440.76 | 6.05 | −1.25 |
ZmLEA33 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb259940 | chr6:5880193-5881185 | 213 | 23,414.43 | 9.14 | 0.31 |
ZmLEA34 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb259950 | chr6:5904344-5905733 | 214 | 23,855.72 | 9.07 | 0.239 |
ZmLEA35 | Dehydrin | Zm00001eb285360 | chr6:148134643-148135795 | 168 | 17,075.48 | 8.78 | −1.144 |
ZmLEA36 | LEA_3 | Zm00001eb285680 | chr6:149412498-149413322 | 93 | 10,139.52 | 6.29 | −0.432 |
ZmLEA37 | LEA_5 | Zm00001eb286150 | chr6:151445811-151446813 | 113 | 12,083.08 | 5.42 | −1.206 |
ZmLEA38 | LEA_5 | Zm00001eb286170 | chr6:151481816-151482230 | 91 | 9669.49 | 6.61 | −1.266 |
ZmLEA39 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb304760 | chr7:28700129-28701879 | 321 | 35,551.82 | 4.74 | −0.433 |
ZmLEA40 | LEA_1 | Zm00001eb308610 | chr7:78245306-78246134 | 125 | 12,633.17 | 9 | −0.477 |
ZmLEA41 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb319570 | chr7:149210004-149211074 | 219 | 23,006.58 | 9.32 | 0.216 |
ZmLEA42 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb323160 | chr7:163429460-163430340 | 203 | 22,824.46 | 8.69 | −0.046 |
ZmLEA43 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb342130 | chr8:61665910-61666724 | 152 | 16,088.45 | 5.64 | 0.024 |
ZmLEA44 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb344820 | chr8:76504841-76505721 | 166 | 17,984.54 | 5.3 | −0.093 |
ZmLEA45 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb357160 | chr8:142815635-142828474 | 311 | 31,816.59 | 11.2 | −0.048 |
ZmLEA46 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb358640 | chr8:148997074-148998272 | 181 | 19,680.52 | 4.77 | −0.025 |
ZmLEA47 | Dehydrin | Zm00001eb365110 | chr8:169507204-169509063 | 470 | 50,246.08 | 9.58 | −0.512 |
ZmLEA48 | LEA_4 | Zm00001eb395500 | chr9:139364531-139366107 | 354 | 37,909.35 | 6.6 | −1.036 |
ZmLEA49 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb405330 | chr10:1744675-1746249 | 290 | 31,093.09 | 11.55 | −0.159 |
ZmLEA50 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb407150 | chr10:6543035-6544213 | 213 | 23,229.6 | 8.27 | 0.135 |
ZmLEA51 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb422110 | chr10:117432618-117433773 | 224 | 24,042.7 | 8.83 | 0.247 |
ZmLEA52 | LEA_2 | Zm00001eb434170 | chr10:151062372-151063480 | 221 | 24,279 | 8.62 | 0.113 |
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Zhang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, L.; Wang, L.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, X.; Xu, S.; Xue, J. Identification of the Maize LEA Gene Family and Its Relationship with Kernel Dehydration. Plants 2023, 12, 3674. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213674
Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhu L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang X, Xu S, Xue J. Identification of the Maize LEA Gene Family and Its Relationship with Kernel Dehydration. Plants. 2023; 12(21):3674. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213674
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yaping, Xiaojun Zhang, Liangjia Zhu, Lexin Wang, Hao Zhang, Xinghua Zhang, Shutu Xu, and Jiquan Xue. 2023. "Identification of the Maize LEA Gene Family and Its Relationship with Kernel Dehydration" Plants 12, no. 21: 3674. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213674