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Volume 8
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10.3390/plants8030071
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Review

Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants

by
Javaid Akhter Bhat
1,†,
S. M. Shivaraj
2,†,
Pritam Singh
3,
Devanna B. Navadagi
4,
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
5,
Prasanta K. Dash
4,
Amolkumar U. Solanke
4,
Humira Sonah
3,* and
Rupesh Deshmukh
3,*
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
2
Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
3
National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India
4
National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India
5
Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Authors contributed equally.
Plants 2019, 8(3), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030071
Submission received: 9 February 2019 / Revised: 16 March 2019 / Accepted: 19 March 2019 / Published: 21 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Responses and Tolerance to Metal/Metalloid Toxicity)
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Abstract

Over the past few decades, heavy metal contamination in soil and water has increased due to anthropogenic activities. The higher exposure of crop plants to heavy metal stress reduces growth and yield, and affect the sustainability of agricultural production. In this regard, the use of silicon (Si) supplementation offers a promising prospect since numerous studies have reported the beneficial role of Si in mitigating stresses imposed by biotic as well as abiotic factors including heavy metal stress. The fundamental mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated heavy metal stress tolerance include reduction of metal ions in soil substrate, co-precipitation of toxic metals, metal-transport related gene regulation, chelation, stimulation of antioxidants, compartmentation of metal ions, and structural alterations in plants. Exogenous application of Si has been well documented to increase heavy metal tolerance in numerous plant species. The beneficial effects of Si are particularly evident in plants able to accumulate high levels of Si. Consequently, to enhance metal tolerance in plants, the inherent genetic potential for Si uptake should be improved. In the present review, we have discussed the potential role and mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated alleviation of metal toxicity as well as different approaches for enhancing Si-derived benefits in crop plants.
Keywords: metal stress; toxicity; silicon; Si-fertilization; genomics; transporter genes metal stress; toxicity; silicon; Si-fertilization; genomics; transporter genes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bhat, J.A.; Shivaraj, S.M.; Singh, P.; Navadagi, D.B.; Tripathi, D.K.; Dash, P.K.; Solanke, A.U.; Sonah, H.; Deshmukh, R. Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants. Plants 2019, 8, 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030071

AMA Style

Bhat JA, Shivaraj SM, Singh P, Navadagi DB, Tripathi DK, Dash PK, Solanke AU, Sonah H, Deshmukh R. Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants. Plants. 2019; 8(3):71. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030071

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bhat, Javaid Akhter, S. M. Shivaraj, Pritam Singh, Devanna B. Navadagi, Durgesh Kumar Tripathi, Prasanta K. Dash, Amolkumar U. Solanke, Humira Sonah, and Rupesh Deshmukh. 2019. "Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants" Plants 8, no. 3: 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030071

APA Style

Bhat, J. A., Shivaraj, S. M., Singh, P., Navadagi, D. B., Tripathi, D. K., Dash, P. K., Solanke, A. U., Sonah, H., & Deshmukh, R. (2019). Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants. Plants, 8(3), 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030071

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