Increased [CO2] Causes Changes in Physiological and Genetic Responses in C4 Crops: A Brief Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. C4 Plants of Commercial Importance
3. C4 Photosynthesis Mechanism and CO2
4. Physiological, Biochemical, and Gene Expression Changes
5. Perspectives
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Plant | [CO2] Applied 1 | Experimental Conditions 2 | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Zea mays | AC: 370 µmol mol−1 | Soil–plant–atmosphere research chambers | [60] |
EC: 750 µmol mol−1 | |||
AC: 350 µL L−1 | CEC | [9] | |
EC: 700 µL L−1 | |||
AC: 378 µL L−1 | FACE | [61] | |
EC: 550 µL L−1 | |||
AC: 394 ppm | OTCs | [19] | |
EC: 566 ppm | |||
AC: 400 ppm | OTCs | [62] | |
EC: 550 ppm | |||
Saccharum spp. | AC: 360 µmol mol−1 | TGG | [12] |
EC: 720 µmol mol−1 | |||
AC: 370 ppm | OTCs | [13] | |
EC: 720 ppm | |||
AC: 360 µmol mol−1 | TGG | [63] | |
EC: 720 µmol mol−1 | |||
AC: 400 ppm | OTCs | [59] | |
EC: 750−800 ppm | |||
Sorghum bicolor | AC: 370 µmol mol−1 | FACE | [64] |
EC: 570 µmol mol−1 | |||
AC: 370 µmol mol−1 | FACE | [65] | |
EC: 570 µmol mol−1 | |||
AC: 400 µmol mol−1 | OTCs | [66] | |
EC: 800 µmol mol−1 |
Plant | Growth Parameters | Elevated [CO2] | Effects * |
---|---|---|---|
Zea mays | Leaf area | 550 ppm | (↑) 1 (↑) 2 |
Plant height | 550 ppm | (↑) 1 (↑) 2 | |
Total masses | 70 Pa–550 ppm | (↑) 3 (=) 4 | |
Saccharum spp. | Leaf area | 720 µmol mol−1 | (↑)5 |
Plant height | 720 ppm | (↑)6 | |
Total masses | 720 ppm | (↑)6 | |
Sorghum bicolor | Leaf area | 795–900 µ L−1 | (↑) 7 (↑) 8 |
Plant height | 795 µ L−1 | (=) 7 | |
Total masses | 900 µ L−1 | (↑) 8 |
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Silva, R.G.d.; Alves, R.d.C.; Zingaretti, S.M. Increased [CO2] Causes Changes in Physiological and Genetic Responses in C4 Crops: A Brief Review. Plants 2020, 9, 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111567
Silva RGd, Alves RdC, Zingaretti SM. Increased [CO2] Causes Changes in Physiological and Genetic Responses in C4 Crops: A Brief Review. Plants. 2020; 9(11):1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111567
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilva, Renan Gonçalves da, Rita de Cássia Alves, and Sonia Marli Zingaretti. 2020. "Increased [CO2] Causes Changes in Physiological and Genetic Responses in C4 Crops: A Brief Review" Plants 9, no. 11: 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111567