Integrating Artificial Intelligence to Biomedical Science: New Applications for Innovative Stem Cell Research and Drug Development

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing, aiming to mimic human cognitive abilities, and is addressing complex medical challenges in the field of biological science. Over the past decade, AI has experienced exponential growth and proven its effectiveness in processing massive datasets and optimizing decision-making. The main content of this review paper emphasizes the active utilization of AI in the field of stem cells. Stem cell therapies use diverse stem cells for drug development, disease modeling, and medical treatment research. However, cultivating and differentiating stem cells, along with demonstrating cell efficacy, require significant time and labor. In this review paper, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used to overcome these limitations by analyzing stem cell images, predicting cell types and differentiation efficiency, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. In the biomedical sciences field, AI algorithms are used to automatically screen large compound databases, identify potential molecular structures and characteristics, and evaluate the efficacy and safety of candidate drugs for specific diseases. Also, AI aids in predicting disease occurrence by analyzing patients’ genetic data, medical images, and physiological signals, facilitating early diagnosis. The stem cell field also actively utilizes AI. Artificial intelligence has the potential to make significant advances in disease risk prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment and to reshape the future of healthcare. This review summarizes the applications and advancements of AI technology in fields such as drug development, regenerative medicine, and stem cell research.