Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Population
3.2. Overall Patient Statistical Results
3.3. Differences by Liquid for Each Patient
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sex | Age | Underlying Disease | Etiology of Dysphagia | FOIS | MSS | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. 1 | Male | 73 | Cerebral infarction Congested heart failure Dementia | Cerebral infarction | 1 | 1 |
No. 2 | Male | 87 | Gastric ulcer Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Deconditioning | 5 | 0 |
No. 3 | Male | 77 | Vascular dementia Diabetes mellitus | Deconditioning | 4 | 1 |
No. 4 | Male | 89 | Atrial fibrillation Dementia | Deconditioning | 7 | 0 |
No. 5 | Male | 73 | Parkinson’s disease | Parkinson’s disease | 5 | 2 |
No. 6 | Male | 73 | Cerebral infarction Dementia | Cerebral infarction | 1 | 0 |
No. 7 | Female | 68 | Parkinson’s disease spondylolisthesis | Parkinson’s disease | 7 | 0 |
No. 8 | Male | 82 | Chronic kidney failure Peripheral artery disease Hypertension | Deconditioning | 2 | 0 |
No. 9 | Female | 64 | Depression | Deconditioning | 7 | 0 |
No. 10 | Female | 86 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic heart failure Liver function failure Hypertension | Deconditioning | 4 | 1 |
No. 11 | Female | 99 | Chronic subdural hematoma Diabetes mellitus Aortic stenosis Hypertension | Deconditioning | 5 | 1 |
No. 12 | Female | 82 | Cerebral infarction Hypertension | Cerebral infarction | 6 | 0 |
No. 13 | Male | 82 | Chronic kidney failure Hypertension Dementia | Deconditioning | 3 | 0 |
PAS | YPR-SRS (Vallecula Residue) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Thin | Thick | C-Thin | C-Thick | Number | Thin | Thick | C-Thin | C-Thick |
1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
5 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
6 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
11 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
13 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
Median | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Median | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
IQR | 1–7 | 1 | 1–2 | 1 | IQR | 2 | 1–2 | 2 | 1–2 |
YPR-SRS (Pyriform sinus residue) | Swallowing reflex initiation | ||||||||
1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
11 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
13 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Median | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | Median | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
IQR | 1–2 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 1 | IQR | 1–3 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 0–1 |
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Morishita, M.; Okubo, M.; Sekine, T. Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Healthcare 2022, 10, 1769. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091769
Morishita M, Okubo M, Sekine T. Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Healthcare. 2022; 10(9):1769. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091769
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorishita, Motoyoshi, Masahiko Okubo, and Tatsuro Sekine. 2022. "Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia" Healthcare 10, no. 9: 1769. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091769