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Review

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: A Literature Review

by
Ana González-Muñoz
1,2,
María Cuevas-Cervera
1,
José Javier Pérez-Montilla
1,
Daniel Aguilar-Núñez
3,
Dina Hamed-Hamed
1,
María Aguilar-García
1,
Leo Pruimboom
4 and
Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
1,4,*
1
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, Querol Street 5, 52004 Melilla, Spain
2
Clinica Ana Gonzalez, Avenida Hernan Nuñez de Toledo 6, 29018 Malaga, Spain
3
Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
4
Department of Physiotherapy, University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology (University of Granada and PNI Europe), 2518 JP The Hague, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2023, 11(7), 938; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070938
Submission received: 3 February 2023 / Revised: 17 March 2023 / Accepted: 19 March 2023 / Published: 24 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Pain: Diagnosis and Conservative Management/Treatment Strategies)
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Abstract

The main objective of this literature review was to analyze the efficacy of (PBM) therapy application on subjects with chronic pain and inflammation, and furthermore, to evaluate the methodological quality of the collected literature. The search was conducted using five databases: PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro. The keywords “low level laser therapy”, “chronic pain”, and “inflammation” provided the selection of RCTs that were published within the last 5 years, conducted in humans, and written in English. The PEDro Internal Validity Scale (IVS) checklist was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. A total of 11 articles were selected, all of them RCTs. Of the articles, five showed that PBM positively influences chronic pain, while another showed the same but only in the short term. In two other articles, the patient’s inflammation improved markedly. In one article there was no improvement in chronic pain and in another, there was no improvement in inflammation. Four articles demonstrated that PBM is beneficial in acute pain. Furthermore, six studies were given an “excellent” score and the remaining five a “good” score based on the IVS. Photobiomodulation has beneficial effects on chronic pain and inflammation, although more research needs to be completed in this line for this to be clarified as the existence of RCTs on this subject is limited.
Keywords: low-level laser therapy; photobiomodulation; chronic pain; inflammation; metabolism low-level laser therapy; photobiomodulation; chronic pain; inflammation; metabolism

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MDPI and ACS Style

González-Muñoz, A.; Cuevas-Cervera, M.; Pérez-Montilla, J.J.; Aguilar-Núñez, D.; Hamed-Hamed, D.; Aguilar-García, M.; Pruimboom, L.; Navarro-Ledesma, S. Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: A Literature Review. Healthcare 2023, 11, 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070938

AMA Style

González-Muñoz A, Cuevas-Cervera M, Pérez-Montilla JJ, Aguilar-Núñez D, Hamed-Hamed D, Aguilar-García M, Pruimboom L, Navarro-Ledesma S. Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: A Literature Review. Healthcare. 2023; 11(7):938. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070938

Chicago/Turabian Style

González-Muñoz, Ana, María Cuevas-Cervera, José Javier Pérez-Montilla, Daniel Aguilar-Núñez, Dina Hamed-Hamed, María Aguilar-García, Leo Pruimboom, and Santiago Navarro-Ledesma. 2023. "Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: A Literature Review" Healthcare 11, no. 7: 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070938

APA Style

González-Muñoz, A., Cuevas-Cervera, M., Pérez-Montilla, J. J., Aguilar-Núñez, D., Hamed-Hamed, D., Aguilar-García, M., Pruimboom, L., & Navarro-Ledesma, S. (2023). Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: A Literature Review. Healthcare, 11(7), 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070938

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